rom, 484;
sacred fire, fire drill, fire altar, 494;
marriage, 498;
the Maghas and Nahushas compared with the Mayas of Yucatan and the
Xahuas of Mexico, 509;
the idea of five elements, 526;
active intercourse with seafarers, 541;
cyclical system of, assigned to same period as Constantine's numerical
scheme and the calendrical schemes of the Mayas and
Mexicans, 542;
summary and conclusions, 514.

Indra, 312.

Initial scroll, in Central American inscriptions, 221, 233.

Internationales Archiv fuer Ethnographie, 79.

Ireland, numerical divisions;
quadruple organization;
dual ruler;
Middle;
Four Quarters;
cosmical round tower;
Seven Churches;
great hall of Tara (midcourt), 468-470;
summary, in table of countries, 493.

Iroquois, social organization, 196;
wampum belts, 197;
numerical divisions, 198;
linguistic affinities with Mayas, 198, 199.

Irrigation, in ancient Peru, 146.

Ishtar, cult of, 342-350;
ring or circle, symbol of, 359, 360;
"axis of the heavens," female Polaris, 503.

Isis, Egyptian goddess worshipped under form of cow, 406;
in sculpture and symbolism, 421-434;
called daughter of the sun, 440, 441.

Isokrates, 492.

Israelites, 345;
idea of central power;
star-cult developing into monotheism, 352, 353, 355.

Itza, tribe who occupied Chichen-Itza, 206.

Ixion's wheel, 453.

Ixkun, 210, 215, 244;
bas-relief at, 259.

Ixtlilxochitl, 33, 66, 84, 163, 255.

Izamal, ruins of, 214, 217.

Iz-calli, Mexican 20-day period, 240;
festival of "renovation," 241.

Iztaccihuatl, giant volcano, 275.

Jade, Nahuatl word for, chalchiuitl, 34, 81;
symbol of;
emblem of water goddess, 91;
placed with dead of upper class in Mexico, 195;
jade celts from Nicaragua, 196;
ancient name for pyramid of Cholula, "the monument or precious jade
stone of the Toltecs, etc.," 269;
Chinese word for, significance of, 563, _note_.

Jaguar, figure of, represented four lords of the Below, 184, 185;
skeleton of, in Mound 4 at Copan, 233;
compared with ocelot, 233;
on Cross tablets at Palenque, 239
(see Ocelot, Puma, Quadruped and Animal form).

Janus, double-faced, probably symbol of double state in Rome, 463.

Japan, junks, 309;
organization founded on plan derived from Corea;
"great Centre of the Earth;"
tradition about North Pole;
compared with China, 310;
Buddhis