original text (id. i. 84), but later identified
with St. Samson's Isle, one of the Scilly Isles.]

[Footnote 114: The same act of feeding a hunting-bird with a plover's
wing is mentioned in "Le Roman de Thebes", 3857-58 (ed. "Anciens
Textes").]

[Footnote 115: For such figurative expressions used to complement the
negative, cf. Gustav Dreyling, "Die Ausdruckweise der ubertriebenen
Verkleinerung im altfranzosischen Karlsepos", in Stengel's "Ausgaben und
Abhandlungen", No. 82 (Marsburg, 1888); W.W. Comfort in "Modern Language
Notes" (Baltimore, February 1908).]

[Footnote 116: Chretien in his later romances will avoid compiling such
a prosaic blue-book as is found in this passage, though similar lists of
knights occur in the old English romances as late as Malory, though of
some of them but little is known. Unfortunately, we have for the old
French romances no such complete work as that furnished for the epic
poems by E. Langois, "Table des noms propres de toute nature compris
dans les chansons de geste" (Paris, 1904).]

[Footnote 117: The only mention by Chretien of this son of Arthur, whose
role is absolutely insignificant in the Arthurian romances.]

[Footnote 118: What was this drinking-cup, and who sent it to Arthur? We
have "Le Lai du cor" (ed. Wulff, Lund, 1888), which tells how a certain
King Mangount of Moraine sent a magic drinking-cup to Arthur. No one
could drink of this cup without spilling the contents if he were a
cuckold. Drinking from this cup was, then, one of the many current tests
of chastity. Further light may be thrown on the passage in our text by
the English poem "The Cokwold's Daunce" (in C.H. Hartshorne's "Ancient
Metrical Ballads", London, 1829), where Arthur is described as a cuckold
himself and as having always by him a horn (cup) which he delights
in trying on his knights as a test of their ladies' chastity. For
bibliography see T.P. Cross, "Notes on the Chastity-Testing Horns and
Mantle" in "Modern Philology", x. 289-299.]

[Footnote 119: A unique instance of such a division of the material in
Chretien's poems (F.).]

[Footnote 120: Outre-Gales=Estre-Gales (v.3883)=Extra-Galliam.]

[Footnote 121: Such fanciful descriptions of men and lands are common
in the French epic poems, where they are usually applied to the Saracens
(F.). Cf. W.w. Comfort, "The Saracens in Christian Poetry" in "The
Dublin Review", July 1911; J. Malsch, "Die Charakteristik der Volker im
altfranzosischen nation