r capita:
2,879 kWh (1992)
Industries:
aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable
oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers
Agriculture:
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep and goats
Illicit drugs:
illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS
consumption; limited government eradication programs; used as
transshipment points for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western
Europe and North America
Economic aid:
recipient:
Russia reportedly provided substantial general assistance throughout
1993 and continues to provide assistance in 1994; Western aid and
credits promised through the end of 1993 were $700 million but
disbursements were only $104 million; large scale development loans
await IMF approval of a reform and stabilization plan
Currency:
1 ruble (R) = 100 kopeks; acquiring new Russian rubles as currency
under December 1993 agreement
Exchange rates:
NA
Fiscal year:
calendar year

@Tajikistan, Communications

Railroads:
480 km; does not include industrial lines (1990)
Highways:
total:
29,900 km
paved:
21,400 km
unpaved:
earth 8,500 km (1990)
Pipelines:
natural gas 400 km (1992)
Ports:
none; landlocked
Airports:
total:
58
usable:
30
with permanent-surface runways:
12
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
4
with runways 1,060-2,439 m:
13
note:
a C-130 can land on a 1,060-m airstrip
Telecommunications:
poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached
by the national network; 303,000 telephone circuits (December 1991);
telephone density about 55 per 1000 persons(1951); linked by cable and
microwave to other CIS republics, and by leased connections to the
Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by INTELSAT to
international gateway switch in Ankara; satellite earth stations - 1
Orbita and 2 INTELSAT (one INTELSAT earth station provides TV
receive-only service from Turkey)

@Tajikistan, Defense Forces

Branches:
Army (being formed), National Guard, Security Forces (internal and
border troops)
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 1,361,143; fit for military service 1,116,246; reach
military age (18) annually 57,681 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
$NA, NA% of GDP

@Tanzania, Geography

Location:
Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean between Kenya and