1993)
commodities:
machinery, transport equipment, fuels, semifinished goods, foodstuffs,
consumer goods, chemicals
partners:
EC 60.7%, US 7.4%, other developed countries 11.5%, Middle East 5.9%
(1992)
External debt:
$90 billion (1993 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate -1.7% (1992)
Electricity:
capacity:
46,600,000 kW
production:
157 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
4,000 kWh (1992)
Industries:
textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals
and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine
tools, tourism
Agriculture:
accounts for about 5% of GDP and 14% of labor force; major products -
grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus fruit,
beef, pork, poultry, dairy; largely self-sufficient in food; fish
catch of 1.4 million metric tons is among top 20 nations
Illicit drugs:
key European gateway country for Latin American cocaine and North
African hashish entering the European market
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $1.9 billion; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-79), $545
million
note:
not currently a recipient
Currency:
1 peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos
Exchange rates:
pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 136.6 (May 1994), 127.26 (1993), 102.38
(1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38 (1989)
Fiscal year:
calendar year

@Spain, Communications

Railroads:
15,430 km total; Spanish National Railways (RENFE) operates 12,691 km
(all 1,668-mm gauge, 6,184 km electrified, and 2,295 km double track);
FEVE (government-owned narrow-gauge railways) operates 1,821 km
(predominantly 1,000-mm gauge, 441 km electrified); privately owned
railways operate 918 km (predominantly 1,000-mm gauge, 512 km
electrified, and 56 km double track)
Highways:
total:
318,022 km (1988)
paved:
178,092 km (including 2,142 km of expressways)
unpaved:
139,930 km
Inland waterways:
1,045 km, but of minor economic importance
Pipelines:
crude oil 265 km; petroleum products 1,794 km; natural gas 1,666 km
Ports:
Algeciras, Alicante, Almeria, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cadiz, Cartagena,
Castellon de la Plana, Ceuta, El Ferrol del Caudillo, Puerto de Gijon,
Huelva, La Coruna, Las Palmas (Canary Islands), Mahon, Malaga,
Melilla, Rota, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Sagunto, Tarragona, Valencia,
Vigo, and 175 minor ports
Merchant marine:
192