d Music--Blowing the Trumpets--Offerings and
Courses--The Course Bilgah.

Chapter I

1. A booth which is above twenty cubits high is disallowed. R. Judah
allows it. One which is not ten hands high, one which has not three walls,
or which has more sun than shade, is disallowed. "An old booth?" "The
school of Shammai disallow it; but the school of Hillel allow it." "What
is an old booth?" "One that was made thirty days before the feast; but if
it were made with intention for the feast, even from the beginning of the
year, it is allowed."

2. "If a man make his booth beneath a tree?" "It is as though he made it
in the house." "If one booth be above another?" "The upper one is allowed;
but the lower one is disallowed." R. Judah says, "if they cannot inhabit
the upper one, the lower one is allowed."

3. "If one spread a cloth over (its roof)(245) on account of the sun; or
under (its roof) on account of the falling leaves; or if one spread a
canopy over his bed?" "It is disallowed. But he may spread a cloth over
two bedposts."

4. "If one have trained a vine, or a gourd, or ivy, and covered it over?"
"It is disallowed. But if the covering be larger than these, or if they
have been trimmed, it is allowed." The rule is, everything which contracts
uncleanness, and does not grow from the ground, must not be used for a
covering; but everything which does not contract uncleanness, and grows
from the ground, may be used for a covering.

5. Bundles of straw, and bundles of wood, and bundles of twigs, must not
be used for covering. But all of them, if untied, are allowed. And all of
them are allowed for side walls.

6. "They may cover it with laths." The words of R. Judah; but R. Meier
forbids it. "If one put a board four hands wide over it?" "It is allowed,
provided he do not sleep under it."

7. "Rafters over which there is no ceiling?" R. Judah says, "the school of
Shammai say, 'let him loosen them, and remove the middle one out of
three.' But the school of Hillel say, 'he may either loosen them, or
remove the middle one out of every three.' " R. Meier says, "he must
remove the middle one out of every three, but he need not loosen them."

8. "If one roof in his booth with spits, or bed-boards?" "If the
intermediate spaces be equal to them, it is allowed." "If one pile up
loose sheaves to make a booth?" "It is no booth."

9. "If one interweave the side walls from above downwards?" "If they be
three hand-breadth