_Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Bytown.= Former name of the city of Ottawa. =Index=: =Md= Chosen by the
queen as capital, 85; suggestion came from Sir Edmund Head, 85;
opposition to decision in Parliament, 85. =BL= An all-water route
between Montreal and Kingston, 75; favoured by some persons as capital,
1843, 181. =E= Water communication established with Montreal, 98. _See
also_ Ottawa. =Bib.=: Women's Can. Hist. Soc. of Ottawa, _Trans._, vols.
1 and 3.

=Cabir-Coubat.= =Ch= Indian name of St. Charles River, 148.

=Cables.= The first submarine cables in America were those laid between
New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, 1851; and between Cape Breton
and Newfoundland, 1856. Newfoundland was connected with Ireland by cable
in 1858. In 1902 the Pacific Cable was laid, between Canada and New
Zealand and Australia. _See also_ Gisborne; Fleming. =Bib.=: Bright,
_Submarine Telegraphs_; Johnson, _The All Red Line_.

=Cabot, John.= Probably a native of Genoa. Became a citizen of Venice,
March 28, 1476, and at that time had been a resident of the city for
fifteen years. Went to England, and in 1497, under the direct authority
of Henry VII, sailed to the westward on a voyage of discovery. Landed on
the shores of America, but his exact landfall has been a moot point. It
is now generally believed that it was the easternmost cape of Cape
Breton. The following year sailed again, but there is no record that he
ever returned from this second voyage. =Bib.=: Beazley, _John and
Sebastian Cabot_; Dawson, _The Voyages of the Cabots_ (R. S. C., 1894,
1896, 1897); Deane, _Voyages of the Cabots_, in Winsor, _Nar. & Cr.
Hist. of America_, vol. 3; Harrisse, _John Cabot, the Discoverer of
North America_; Weare, _Cabot's Discovery of North America_; Ober. _John
and Sebastian Cabot_. =Cabot, Sebastian= (1477?-1557?). Son of John
Cabot. His share in the discovery of North America has been the subject
of much controversy. From having once been regarded as the sole
discoverer, it is now considered doubtful that he had anything to do
with the voyages of 1497 and 1498. He was in the service of Spain, and
also of England, receiving from Edward VI the title of Grand Pilot of
England. =Bib.=: Biddle, _Memoir of Sebastian Cabot_; Nicholls, _Life of
Sebastian Cabot_; Tarducci, _John and Sebastian Cabot_. These are
favourable to Sebastian's claims. _See_ references under preceding entry
for the other side of the controversy.

=Cadboro.= =D= First sea-going