n consular courts, prize courts, and other tribunals specified by
law.

*223. Powers: Execution of the Law.*--Finally, the execution of the laws
is intrusted to the Emperor with, however, this limitation, that,
under the German system, the execution of law is committed largely to
the states and the officials thereof, so that the measures of the (p. 213)
Imperial Government whose execution is not specifically provided for
by the constitution and the laws are presumably carried into effect by
the constituted authorities of the states. There are, however,
Imperial agents whose business it is to inspect the execution of
Imperial measures by the states and to report to the Emperor
infractions or omissions. When such delinquencies are adjudged
sufficiently serious, the Emperor may bring them to the attention of
the Bundesrath, and that body may order an "execution," i.e., a show
of military force to coerce the erring state. The carrying out of the
"execution" is intrusted to the Emperor.[306] Incident to the general
executive function is the power to make appointments. By the
constitution it is stipulated that the Emperor, in addition to
appointing the Imperial Chancellor, shall appoint Imperial officials,
require of them the taking of an oath to the Empire, and, when
necessary, dismiss them.[307] The position which the Chancellor
occupies in the Imperial administrative system is of such weight that
the power of appointing to, and of removing from, the chancellorship
is in itself of very large importance; and the Kaiser's control of
administration is still further increased by his power of appointment
and removal of subordinate officials.[308]

[Footnote 306: Art. 19. Dodd, Modern Constitutions,
I., 332.]

[Footnote 307: Art. 18. Ibid.]

[Footnote 308: Art. 19. Dodd, Modern Constitutions,
I., 332. On the status and functions of the German
Emperor see Howard, The German Empire, Chap. 3; J.
W. Burgess, The German Emperor, in _Political
Science Quarterly_, June, 1888; Laband, Das
Staatsrecht des deutschen Reiches, Secs. 24-26;
ibid., Das deutsche Kaiserthum (Strassburg, 1896);
R. Fischer, Das Recht des deutschen Kaisers (Berlin,
1895); K. Binding, Die rechtliche Stellung des
Kaise