attain to
wealth and honor. The master-owner may not kill a slave.[654] In
Bornu the women slaves find favor in the eyes of their masters,
and by amiability win affection. If they have children they win a
firm position, "for only the most stringent circumstances could
compel a Moslem, whose ideas are reasonably correct, to sell the
mother of his children."[655] The Somal and Afar do not deal much
in slaves. They use women and a pariah class. A Somal is never
slave to a Somal, and war captives are not made slaves. Also
amongst the Galla it appears that debtor slavery does not exist.
Criminal slavery does, however, exist, and is used by the chiefs.
It is honorable to treat slaves well. In Kaffa the slaves are
lazy and pretentious, because they know that their owners do not
look to them for labor, but speculate on their children, whom
they will sell.[656] In general, in East Africa, the master-owner
has not the power of life and death, and the slave has a right of
property. "A headman (of a village) in debt sells first his
slaves, then his sisters, then his mother, and lastly his free
wives, after which he has nothing left."[657] Stuhlmann[658] says
that slaves in Uganda are well treated, as members of the family.
Brunache[659] says the same of the Congo tribes so far as they
have not been contaminated by contact with whites. This may be
regarded as characteristic of African slavery. The Vanika of
eastern Africa are herding nomads. They cannot use slaves, and
make war only to steal cattle.[660] Bushmen love liberty. They
submit to no slavery. They are hunters of a low grade. They hate
cattle, as the basis of a life which is different from (higher
than) their own. They massacre cattle which they cannot steal or
carry away.[661] Mungo Park described free negroes reduced to
slavery by famine.[662] In Ashanti a man and a woman discovered
in the act in the bush, or in the open air, are slaves of him who
discovered them, but they are redeemable by their families.[663]
Ashanti slavery is domestic and very mild. The slave marries his
master's daughter and plays with the master. He also eats from
the same dish.[664] Slavery of this form is never cruel or
harsh. Debt slavery is harder, for the services of the pawn count
for nothing on the debt.[665] The effect of the abolition of
slavery in Algeria was stupor amongst maste