ing drench is useful:
Rectified spirits, 3 ounces; spirits of nitrous ether, 2 ounces; water,
1 pint. This may be repeated every four or five hours if it seems to
benefit; or 6 ounces of good whisky diluted with a pint of water may be
given as often, instead of the foregoing.

During the period of convalescence good nutritive feed should be allowed
in a moderate quantity. Tonic medicines should be substituted for those
used during the fever. The same medicines advised for the convalescing
period of bronchitis are equally efficient in this case, especially the
iodid of potash; likewise, the same general instructions apply here.

The chief causes of death in pneumonia are heart failure from
exhaustion, suffocation, or blood poisoning from death (gangrene) of
lung tissue. The greater the area of lung tissue diseased the greater
the danger; hence double pneumonia is more fatal than pneumonia of one
lung.

THE WINDPIPE.

The windpipe, or trachea as it is technically called, is the flexible
tube that extends from, the larynx, which it succeeds at the throat, to
above the base of the heart in the chest, where it terminates by
dividing into the right and left bronchi--the tubes going to the right
and left lung, respectively. The windpipe is composed of about fifty
incomplete rings of cartilage united by ligaments. A muscular layer is
situated on the superior surface of the rings. Internally the tube is
lined with a continuation of the mucous membrane that lines the entire
respiratory tract, which here has very little sensibility in contrast to
that lining the larynx, which is endowed with exquisite sensitiveness.

The windpipe is not subject to any special disease, but is more or less
affected during laryngitis (sore throat), influenza, bronchitis, etc.,
and requires no special treatment. The membrane may be left in a
thickened condition after these attacks. One or more of the rings may be
accidentally fractured, or the tube may be distorted or malformed as the
result of violent injury. After the operation of tracheotomy it is not
uncommon to find a tumor or malformation as a result, or sequel, of the
operation. In passing over this section attention is merely called to
these defects, as they require no particular attention in the way of
treatment. It may be stated, however, that any one of the
before-mentioned conditions may constitute one of the causes of noisy
respiration described as "thick wind."

GUTTURAL POUCH