nt.;
insoluble in 70 per cent. alcohol, but readily dissolves in 1-2 volumes
of 80 per cent. alcohol.

West Indian.--Specific gravity at 15 deg. C., 0.948-0.967; optical rotation,
+13 deg. 30' to +30 deg.; insoluble in 70 per cent. alcohol.

In addition to free santalol, the oil contains esters of santalol and
santalal.

_Sassafras oil_, distilled from the bark of Sassafras officinalis, and
obtained chiefly from America. Specific gravity at 15 deg. C., 1.06-1.08;
optical rotation, +1 deg. 50' to +4 deg.; refractive index at 20 deg. C.,
1.524-1.532; soluble in, 6-10 volumes of 85 per cent. alcohol,
frequently soluble in 10-15 volumes of 80 per cent. alcohol.

The chief constituents are safrol, pinene, eugenol, camphor, and
phellandrene. The removal of safrol, either intentionally or by
accident, owing to cooling of the oil and consequent deposition of the
safrol, is readily detected by the reduction of the specific gravity
below 1.06.

_Thyme oil, red and white_, distilled from the green or dried herb,
Thymus vulgaris, both French and Spanish oils being met with. These oils
are entirely different in character.

French.--Specific gravity at 15 deg. C., 0.91-0.933; slightly laevo-rotatory
up to -4 deg., but usually too dark to observe; phenols, by absorption with
10 per cent. aqueous caustic potash, 25-55 per cent.; refractive index
at 20 deg. C., 1.490-1.500; soluble in 1-1.5 volumes of 80 per cent.
alcohol.

Spanish.--Specific gravity at 15 deg. C., 0.955-0.966; optical rotation,
slightly laevo-gyrate; phenols, 70-80 per cent.; refractive index at 20 deg.
C.; 1.5088-1.5122; soluble in 2-3 volumes of 70 per cent. alcohol.

In addition to the phenols, thymol or carvacrol, these oils contain
cymene, thymene and pinene.

The white thyme oil is produced by rectifying the red oil, which is
generally effected at the expense of a considerable reduction in phenol
content, and hence in real odour value of the oil.

_Verbena Oil._--The oil usually sold under this name is really
lemon-grass oil (which see _supra_). The true verbena oil or French
verveine is, however, occasionally met with. This is distilled in France
from the verbena officinalis, and has the following properties: Specific
gravity at 15 deg. C., 0.891-0.898; optical rotation, slightly dextro- or
laevo-rotatory; aldehydes, 70-75 per cent.; soluble in 2 volumes of 70
per cent. alcohol.

The oil contains citral.

_Vetivert oil_, distilled from the grass,