and others are paralyzed or weakened. In consequence of changes
of concentration in the blood of the various internal secretions,
tensions, movements and tumescences, as well as relaxations,
inhibitions and detumescences, occur throughout the vegetative
system--the blood vessels, the viscera, the nerves and the muscles.
Each wires to the brain news of the change in it. In addition, the
brain cells themselves are excited or depressed by the new hormones
bathing them. In their final fusion, the commingling vegetative
sensations constitute the emotion evolved in the functioning of the
instinct.

To lower the new tensions throughout the vegetative system to
the normal range, the instinctive action is carried out. This
superficially is regarded as the essence of the instinct. As a matter
of fact, it is only the endpoint of a process, the resultant of a
drive to restore equilibrium within the organism. It may all happen in
less time than it takes to tell about it.

The play of an instinct may therefore be analyzed into four processes.
They succeed one another as sensation--endocrine stimulation--tension
within the vegetative system--conduct to relieve tension. The dash is
the symbol of a cause and effect relationship.

This equation for an instinct, based upon an analysis of the working
of the sex instinct, is the model for the analysis of all instincts,
and therefore of all the compounded instincts that all human behaviour
may be resolved into. Conduct, that fascinator of the common gossip
and the great novelist alike, normal and abnormal, social and asocial,
in all their complexities, even unto the third and fourth generation,
the Freudian complexes, is governed therefore by the same laws that
determine the movements of the stars and the eruptions of volcanoes.
The most interesting factor in the instinct equation is the endocrine,
because that is the one that is most purely chemical.

ENDOCRINE CHARGING OF WISHES

It is _the_ distinction of modern psychology that it has established
the wish (craving, need, desire, libido) as the moving force in any
psychic process. The position of the wish in psychology as the force
within and behind the instinct may be compared to that of energy in
physics, when it was elevated to a central position in the explanation
of physical processes in the nineteenth century. The concept of the
_charged_ wish has illuminated all the hidden recesses and rendered
audible all the subdued murmur