statement;' 'The _then_ administration;' should be
avoided."--_Barnard's Gram._, p. 285. "_When_ and _then_ must not be used
for nouns _and pronouns_; thus, 'Since _when_,' 'since _then_,' 'the _then_
ministry,' ought to be, 'Since _which time_,' 'since _that time_,' 'the
ministry _of that period_.'"--_Hiley's Gram._, p. 96. Dr. Priestley, from
whom Murray derived many of his critical remarks, noticed these
expressions; and, (as I suppose,) _approvingly_; thus, "Adverbs are often
put for adjectives, agreeably to the idiom of the Greek tongue: [as,] 'The
action was _amiss_.'--'The _then_ ministry.'--'The idea is _alike_ in
both.'--Addison. 'The _above_ discourse.'--Harris."--_Priestley's Gram._,
p. 135. Dr. Johnson, as may be seen above, thought it not amiss to use
_then_ as Priestley here cites it; and for such a use of _above_, we may
quote the objectors themselves: "To support the _above_
construction."--_Murray's Gram._, i, p. 149; _Ingersoll's_, p. 238. "In all
the _above_ instances."--_Mur._, p. 202; _Ing._, 230. "To the _above_
rule."--_Mur._, p. 270; _Ing._, 283. "The same as the _above_."--_Mur._, p.
66; _Ing._, 46. "In such instances as the _above_."--_Mur._, p. 24; _Ing._,
9; _Kirkham_, 23.[427]

OBS. 5.--When words of an adverbial character are used after the manner of
_nouns_, they must be parsed as nouns, and not as adverbs; as, "The Son of
God--was not _yea_ and _nay_, but in him was _yea_."--_Bible_. "For a great
_while_ to come."--_Ib._ "On this _perhaps_, this _peradventure_ infamous
for lies."--_Young_. "From the extremest _upward_ of thine head."--_Shak_.
"There are _upwards_ of fifteen millions of inhabitants."--_Murray's Key_,
8vo, p. 266. "Information has been derived from _upwards_ of two hundred
volumes."--_Worcester's Hist._, p. v. "An eternal _now_ does always
last"--_Cowley_. "Discourse requires an animated _no_."--_Cowper_. "Their
hearts no proud _hereafter_ swelled."--_Sprague_. An adverb after a
preposition is used substantively, and governed by the preposition; though
perhaps it is not necessary to call it a common noun: as, "For _upwards_ of
thirteen years."--_Hiley's Gram._, p. xvi. "That thou mayst curse me them
_from thence_."--_Numb._, xxiii, 27. "Yet _for once_ we'll try."--_Dr.
Franklin_. But many take such terms together, calling them "_adverbial
phrases_." Allen says, "Two adverbs sometimes come together; as, 'Thou hast
kept the good wine _until now_.'"--_Gram._, p. 174. But _until_