iately
from above downwards, the segments reflexed, the inner layer not
distinguishable, or inseparable; stipe short, stout, brownish, sometimes
almost lacking; hypothallus not conspicuous, but sometimes sufficient to
connect the bases of adjacent stipes; columella large, hemispherical or
globose, pallid or yellowish; capillitium abundant, of slender generally
simple, colored threads, paler at the furcate tips; spores dark
violaceous, minutely roughened, 8-11 mu.

Rare on rotten logs in the forests; September. Easily recognized by the
short-stiped, ashen sporangia which before dehiscence indicate by
delicate tracings the lines which subsequent cleavage is to follow. In
texture the peridium resembles that of _D. floriforme_.

Pennsylvania, Ohio, Iowa, Virginia, Colorado, Washington, Oregon; Europe
generally.

The Linnaean description on which to base the specific name _D. radiatum_
is wholly inadequate. It appears also by the testimony of Linne _fils_,
that _L. radiatum_ Linne is a lichen! and the name is so applied by
Persoon. But in the Linnaean herbarium preserved at London, _teste_
Lister, the original type of _Lycoperdon radiatum_ L. may yet be seen!
to the confusion of _fils_, Persoon, and other followers of Schrader
all, and our stellar species becomes radiate now, let us hope for long!

16. DIDERMA TREVELYANI (_Grev._) _Fr._

1825. _Leangium trevelyani_ Grev., _Scot., Cr. Fl._, Tab. 132.
1829. _Diderma trevelyani_ (Grev.) Fr., _Syst. Myc._, III., p. 105.
1875. _Chondrioderma trevelyani_ (Grev.) Rost., _Mon._, p. 182.
1877. _Diderma geasteroides_ Phill., _Grev._, V., p. 113.
1877. _Diderma laciniatum_ Phill., _Grev._, V., p. 113.

Sporangia scattered, globose or nearly so, smooth or verruculose,
reddish-brown or rufescent, sessile or short-stipitate, the outer
peridium firm, splitting more or less regularly into unequal, revolute,
petal-like lobes which are white within, the inner not distinguishable
as such; stipe, when present, equal, furrowed, concolorous; columella
small or none; capillitium abundant, the threads rather rigid, purple or
purplish brown, branching and anastomosing, more or less beaded; spores
dark, violaceous brown, spinulose, 10-13 mu.

In 1876, Harkness and Moore collected in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of
California, forms of _Diderma_ which are described by Phillips, _Grev._,
V., p. 113, as _D. geasteroides_ and _D. laciniatum_. English
authorities who have examined the