e sporangium.

_a._ Sporangia violet or purple 1. _C. paraguayense_

_b._ Sporangia yellow 2. _C. aureum_

_c._ Sporangia white-capped.

1. Sporangia obovoid or globoid 3. _C. leucocephalum_

2. Sporangia cylindric, elongate 4. _C. cylindricum_

B. Dehiscence by a distinct lid.

_a._ Capillitium pale brown 5. _C. concinnum_

_b._ Capillitium white 6. _C. minutum_

1. CRATERIUM PARAGUAYENSE (_Speg._) _List._

1883. _Didymium paraguayense_ Speg., _Fung. Guar. Pug._, 1, p. 141.
1893. _Craterium rubescens_ Rex, _Proc. Philad. Acad. Nat. Sci._,
p. 370.
1894. _Craterium rubescens_ Rex, List., _Mycetozoa_, p. 71.
1899. _Craterium rubescens_ Rex, Macbr., _N. A. S._, p. 75.
1904. _Iocraterium paraguayense_ (Speg.) Jahn, _Hedwigia_, XLII.,
p. 302.
1911. _Craterium paraguayense_ List., _Mycetozoa, 2nd ed._, p. 95.

Sporangia gregarious, cylindrical or elongate cyathiform, stipitate,
dark violet-red, the apex slightly roughened by pale calcareous
granules, the peridium longitudinally wrinkled below; dehiscence,
irregularly circumscissile; stipe darker, one-half the height of the
sporangium, longitudinally wrinkled; capillitium dense, abundantly
calcareous; spores violet-brown, minutely roughened, 7-8 mu.

In form resembling the following species, but instantly distinguished by
the color, which is red throughout, tinged with purple or violet. The
capillitium is badhamioid, as noted by Dr. Rex. Very distinct from _P.
newtoni_ in color, form, habit, epispore, etc.

2. CRATERIUM AUREUM (_Schum._) _Rost._

1803. _Trichia aurea_ Schum., _Enum. Pl. Saell._, II., p. 207.
1829. _Craterium mutabile_ Fries, _Syst. Myc._, III., p. 154.
1875. _Craterium aureum_ (Schum.) Rost., _Mon._, p. 125.

Sporangia gregarious, globose or obovoid, stipitate, yellow, erect, the
peridial wall thin, especially at the summit, where at maturity it
breaks up somewhat reticulately, leaving the persistent lower portion
with an uneven margin above which projects the pale yellow capillitium;
stipe short, orange, or brownish-red, arising from a small hypothallus;
capillitium dense, yellow, the nodules not large, irregular, tending to
form a pseudo-columella in the centre of the cup; spores minutely
warted, violaceous-brown, 8-10 mu.

Fries rega