sant pottery, see Forrer, _Geschichte
der europaischen Fliesen-Keramik_ (Strassburg, 1900; chapters on the
Netherlands and Germany); Walcher von Molthein, _Bunte Hafnerkeramik
der Renaissance in Osterreich ob der Enns und Salzburg_ (Vienna,
1906); Hafner, _Das Hafnerhandwerk und die alten Ofen in Winterthur_
(Winterthur, 1876-1877); Barber, _Tulip-ware of the Pennsylvania
German Potters_ (Philadelphia, 1903). For stoneware, see Solon, _The
Ancient Art Stoneware of the Low Countries and Germany_ (London,
1892); Van Bastelaer, _Les Gres wallons_ (Mons, 1885). For Bottger's
red ware, see Berling, _Das Meissner Porzellan_ (Leipzig, 1900), chap.
iii. For Dutch faience, see Havard, _Histoire de la faience de Delft_
(Paris, 1878), and article by same author on "La Faience d'Arnhem" in
_Gazette des beaux-arts_, 2nd series, vol. xx. (1879). For German
faience, see von Falke, _Majolika_ (Berlin, 1896), and articles by
Stieda, "Deutsche Fayencefabriken des 18. Jahrhunderts," in
_Keramische Monatshefte_, vols. ii. and iii. For Scandinavian pottery,
see Nyrop, _Danske Fajence og Porcellainsmaerker_ (Copenhagen, 1881);
Strale, _Rorstrand et Marieberg_ (Stockholm, 1872); Grosch,
_Herreboe-Fayencer_ (Christiania, 1901). Excellent accounts of most
branches of the subjects are given by Brinckmann, _Das hamburgische
Museum fur Kunst und Gewerbe_ (Hamburg, 1894). (B. Ra.)

LATER WARES OF SPAIN AND PORTUGAL

We shall only deal at length here with those important kinds of pottery
that have exerted real influence on the historical development of the
art. Offshoots from the main stem that have developed little or no
individuality can only be briefly mentioned. When the characteristic
Spanish-Moorish lustre wares ceased to be desired by the wealthy they
rapidly sank into insignificance, though as a decorative peasant pottery
their manufacture never really ceased and has been revived again in our
day. The course of pottery importation was changed and the now
fashionable Italian majolica was brought into Spain in the 16th and 17th
centuries, as Hispano-Moresque wares had followed the opposite course
two centuries earlier. Besides the influence which these imported wares
had on the Spanish potters, a number of wandering Italian majolists
found their way into Spain, so that we find the use of painted colour,
particularly blue, yellow, orange, green and purple, making its
appearance at various centres,