lection in the British Museum; the
Victoria and Albert Museum, where the famous collection of Mr George
Salting has for years been displayed, together with the collections
belonging to the museum. Paris, the Grandidier collection at the
Louvre; the collection at the Musee Guimet; the Sevres Museum.
Fontainebleau, the Musee Chinoise. Dresden, the Porcelain
Collection--the oldest in Europe. Boston, the Museum of Fine Arts. New
York, the Metropolitan Museum containing the Garland and other
collections. Washington, the Hippisley collection; as well as
magnificent private collections, at the head of which is that of the
late W.T. Walters of Baltimore.

LITERATURE.--The older European works on Chinese porcelain have been
superseded by the later books. The following list contains the best
recent books:--S.W. Bushell, _Oriental Ceramic Art_ (New York, 1897;
text separately 1899); _Chinese Porcelain before the present Dynasty_
(Pekin, 1886); _Chinese Art_, vol. ii., Victoria and Albert Museum
Handbooks (1906); Brongniart, _Traite des arts ceramiques_ (3rd
edition, with valuable supplements by Salvetat, 1877); Dillon,
_Porcelain_ (1900); Sir A.W. Franks, _Catalogue of Oriental Pottery
and Porcelain_ (1878); Grandidier, _La Ceramique chinoise_ (1894);
Griggs, _Examples of Armorial China_ (1887); Hippisley, _Ceramic Arts
in China_ (Smithsonian Institute, Washington, 1890); Hirth, _Ancient
Chinese Porcelain_ (Leipzig, 1888); Julien, _Histoire et fabrication
de la porcelaine chinoise_ (Paris, 1856); Meyer, _Lung-chuan Yao, oder
alter Seladon Porzellan_ (Berlin, 1889); Monkhouse, _History of
Chinese Porcelain_ (1901); O. du Sartel, _La Porcelaine de Chine_
(Paris, 1881); Burton, _Porcelain_ (1906); Bushell and Laffan, _The
Garland Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of New York_ (1907).
(W. B.*)

EUROPEAN PORCELAIN TO THE END OF THE 18TH CENTURY

Europe can claim no share in the discovery of porcelain, the white and
translucent pottery _par excellence_, for when the first specimens of
Chinese porcelain were brought to Europe, perhaps as early as the 11th
or 12th century, they excited the greatest wonder and admiration. Cairo
was at this time the great mart for the exchange of the products of East
and West, and from this centre porcelains were sent into Europe. Nasir i
Khosrau, the Persian traveller, who visited Old Cairo in A.D. 1035-1042,
was evidently acquainted wit