Question_ (Vol. ix., p. 244.).--The past
history of these rival states presents more than one parallel passage like
the following, extracted from Watkins's _Travels through Switzerland,
Italy, the Greek Islands, to Constantinople, &c._ (2nd edit., two vols.
8vo. 1794):

"The Turks have been, and indeed deserve to be, praised for the manner
in which they declared war against the Russians. They sent by Mr.
Bulgakoff, her Imperial Majesty's minister at the Porte, to demand the
restitution of the Crimea, which had been extorted from them by the
merciless despot of R----a, (_sic_) when too much distressed by a
rebellion in Egypt to protect it. On his return without an answer they
put him in the Seven Towers, and commenced hostilities. They hate the
Russians; and to show it the more, frequently call a Frank _Moscoff_.
To the English they are more partial than to any other Christian
nation, from a tradition that Mahomet was prevented by death from
converting our ancestors to his faith."--Vol. ii. pp. 276-7.

J. MACRAY.

Oxford.

"_Verbatim et literatim._"--As this phrase often finds insertion, even in
the pages of "N. & Q.," it may be well to call attention to the fact that
there is no such adverb as _literatim_ in the Latin language. There is the
adverb _literate_, which means after the manner of a literate man,
learnedly; but to express the idea intended by the coined word _literatim_,
I think we must use the form _ad literam_--"_Verbatim et ad literam._"

L. H. J. TONNA.

* * * * *

Queries.

PRINTS OF LONDON BEFORE THE GREAT FIRE.

In addition to the Tower, there was in Cromwell's time the fortification of
Baynard's Castle, near Blackfriars, and the city gates were also
fortifications on a small scale; they were rebuilt (St. John's,
Clerkenwell, excepted, which was spared) after the Great Fire, and were
taken down somewhere about 1760. Can any of your readers tell me whether
there is any series of prints extant of the most remarkable buildings which
were destroyed by the fire? There are some few maps, and a print or two
interspersed here and there, in the British Museum; but is there any
regular series of plates? We know that Inigo Jones built a Grecian portico
on to the east end of the Gothic cathedral of old St. Paul's, surmounted
with statues of Charles I., &c.; that the Puritans destroyed a beautiful
conduit at the top of Cheapside