rize, though so
reluctantly was it given up that the Powers were on the point of
intervening.

The value of the Montenegrin army in such a great war as was now begun
was slight, however, for in numbers it did not amount even to a full
army corps. Nor would it be very efficient outside of its own territory,
for the Montenegrins, whose manner of life is quite as primitive as that
of the Albanians, are essentially guerrilla fighters, who cannot well
adapt themselves to army discipline.

On a war footing the army is composed of four divisions, the first three
of three brigades each, while one is composed only of two brigades.
Altogether there are fifty-five battalions, or about 40,000 men. Each
brigade also includes one detachment of mounted scouts, one mountain
battery, one group of rapid-fire guns, one section of telegraphists and
one section of engineers. Each division has, in addition, attached to it
a detachment of mounted scouts, a section of engineers, a field battery
and a heavy battery. Then there is a reserve of eleven battalions,
usually assigned to garrison or guard duty. Altogether the total
armament amounts to 40,000 rifles, 104 guns and forty-four
mitrailleuses.

Of the actual operations along the Montenegrin front not so much
detailed information is available as there is of the other sections of
the theatre of war. War correspondents were not allowed to accompany
either army in this field and the only reports so far given out,
covering this period, are from the few official bulletins issued by the
two respective governments and from other more indirect sources.

On August 3, when the Austrians had already begun bombarding Belgrade,
King Nicholas signed an order for the mobilization of his forces, and
four days later, on August 7, he declared war against Austria. But
already the Austrians had detached an army corps under General Ermoly to
prevent any possible juncture between the Serbian and Montenegrin
forces. For the time being, therefore, until the Serbians had driven
back the first Austrian invasion, the Montenegrins facing this division
of the Austrian army acted on the defensive.

This, however, with the advantageous nature of the country, did not
require the full strength of the Montenegrin army; part of it,
therefore, was employed in an attack on the Austrian towns situated on
the narrow strip of Austrian territory running along the sea coast. The
chief of these, Cattaro, was subjected to a hot