ormous losses were sustained, but the Russians were enabled to
make a breach some kilometers wide in the Austrian line.

Then the entire Austrian line began to give way. A desperate stand was
made as a last resort in the village of Botszonce itself, but this was
turned into a useless sacrifice when the Russians, pushing forward heavy
guns, unlimbered them on the same hills where the Austrians had fought
so determinedly and quickly reduced the town to ruins.

On September 3, 1914, the Austrian retreat began in earnest. Where the
fighting had been hottest around Botszonce and Halicz, the Russians
claim they buried 4,800 Austrian dead and captured thirty-two guns, some
of which had been mounted by the Austrians but taken before they could
be brought into use. The Austrian reports deny such figures, while
claiming heavy losses by the Russians.

There was a fine steel bridge across the river Dniester at Halicz, and
the extreme right of the retiring Austrian army crossed this, with, the
Russian cavalry pursuing. The bridge was destroyed and also the only
other bridge in that region of the Dniester at Chodorow. In such wise
was the pursuit southward delayed until pontoons could be thrown across
the stream by Russian engineers.

This was done on the following day, whereupon Cossack cavalry to the
strength, it was reported, of three divisions, crossed the river and
came up with the retiring enemy. Behind the cavalry at a short distance
came several divisions of Brussilov's infantry, which rapidly pushed
across the south of Lemberg toward Stryj.

After the extreme right of the Austrian line had been shattered and
Russky had been victorious in his attack on the other extreme, the whole
line fell apart quickly and while the entire front was exposed to
attack, the Austrian left was being enveloped from the direction of
Kamionka by a flanking movement. One end of the Austrian line was being
broken and the other bent back. The Russians increased the fury of their
attack and it was not long before the entire Austrian army was in
retreat.

On September 2, 1914, Lemberg was in the hands of the Russians. This
city, otherwise known as Lwow or Loewenberg, was first known as Leopolis,
being founded in 1259 by the Ruthenian Prince Daniel for his son Leo.
His history had been a checkered and stormy one. In 1340 it had been
captured by Casimir the Great; it had been besieged by the Cossacks in
1648 and 1655, and by the Turks in 1672; it h