hat Isabella succeeded
Ferdinand VII as ruler of Spain.=

1834

South Carolina Railroad built from Charleston, South Carolina, to Hamburg,
South Carolina, a distance of one hundred and thirty-four miles--the
longest line then in existence. Indian Territory set apart, and several
tribes transferred to it. Jackson censured by Congress for removing
government deposits from the United States Bank; specie payments resumed
after thirty years' suspension. Abolitionist movement gained in strength,
and bitter debates resulted in Congress.

China took from the British East India Company its monopoly of the opium
trade; British ships on the Canton River fired on. Trade-union strikes
general throughout England. The Houses of Parliament almost totally
destroyed by fire. Violence and labor troubles in France. Civil disorders
continued in Spain and Portugal; but the strife in the latter country was
ended by the submission of Dom Miguel on May 22. In Spain the cause of
Don Carlos was maintained by Zumalacarregui, a guerrilla chieftain of
Navarre.

Charles Lamb and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English authors; Joseph
Jacquard, inventor of the Jacquard loom; the Marquis de Lafayette;
Schleiermacher, German theologian; Thomas Robert Malthus, English
economist; Thomas Stothard, English artist, died.

=RULERS--The same as in the previous year.=

1835

Attempt made to remove the Seminoles from Florida, and war followed;
Micanopy and Osceola, Indian leaders, were successful in fights at Fort
King and near Wahoo Swamp, but were defeated by General Clinch on the Big
Withlacoochee. Inhabitants of Texas successfully resisted a Mexican force
under Santa Anna. Fire in New York City caused a loss of twenty million
dollars. Colt revolver patented.

In England, Peel's ministry was wrecked on the Irish Church question;
Melbourne again formed a cabinet. Orange lodges abolished by the Duke of
Cumberland, head of the Orange order, it having been charged that the duke
was conspiring to seize the crown on the death of his brother, William IV.
South Australia became an English crown colony; Melbourne founded. War
between the English and Kaffirs in South Africa; friction between the
Dutch and English settlers; Dutch migration over the Orange River.

John Marshall, American jurist; Karl von Humboldt, German philologist and
statesman; William Cobbett, English reformer and journalist, and Mrs.
Hemans, English poet, died.

=RULERS--The same as in the