d the speed and accuracy of the students
in solving them. Compare the results with those in the controlled
association tests. Test the class with various kinds of mechanical
puzzles.

9. The students should study several people to ascertain how well those
people have their experience organized. Is their experience available?
Can they come to the point immediately, or, are they hazy, uncertain,
and impractical?

10. It is claimed that we have two types of people, theoretical and
practical. This is to some extent true. What is the explanation?

11. From the point of view of No. 10, compare teachers and engineers.

12. If anything will work in theory, will it work in practice?

13. From what you have learned in the chapter and from the experiments,
write a paper on training in reasoning.

14. What are the main defects of the schools with reference to training
children to think?

15. Make a complete outline of the chapter.

REFERENCES FOR CLASS READING

COLVIN and BAGLEY: _Human Behavior_, Chapters XVI and XVIII.

DEWEY: _How We Think_, Parts I and III.

MUeNSTERBERG: _Psychology, General and Applied_, Chapters VIII and XII;
also pp. 192-195.

PILLSBURY: _Essentials of Psychology_, Chapters VI and IX.

PYLE: _The Outlines of Educational Psychology_, Chapter XV.

TITCHENER: _A Beginner's Psychology_, Chapters V, VI, and X.

CHAPTER IX

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

=Physical Differences.= One never sees two people whose bodies are exactly
alike. They differ in height or weight or color of the skin. They differ
in the color of the hair or eyes, in the shape of the head, or in such
details as size and shape of the ear, size and shape of the nose, chin,
mouth, teeth, feet, hands, fingers, toes, nails, etc. The anatomist
tells us that we differ internally just as we do externally. While the
internal structure of one person has the same general plan as that of
another, there being the same number of bones, muscles, organs, etc.,
there are always differences in detail. We are built on the same plan,
_i.e._ we are made after a common type. We vary, above and below this
type or central tendency.

Weight may be taken for illustration. If we should weigh the first
thousand men we meet, we should find light men, heavy men, and men of
medium weight. There would be few light men, few heavy men, but many men
of medium weight. This fact is well shown in diagram by what is known as
a curve of distribution or frequ