estown are believed to have been made
in Lisbon, and these usually have designs in blues and dark purples
against a white background.

Salt-glazed Stoneware.--This common but attractive type of pottery found
in many excavations at Jamestown includes mugs, jars, bottles, tankards,
and jugs. It is a very hard ware which was fired at high temperatures
and finished with a salt glaze, formed by throwing common salt into the
furnace. The surface of the body has a pitted appearance resembling an
orange peel, and is covered with a thin, glasslike coating. Most of the
salt-glazed stoneware unearthed was made in Germany, although a small
amount was manufactured in England.

[Illustration: COLORFUL SPANISH MAIOLICA FOUND WHICH APPEAR TO HAVE BEEN
MADE BEFORE 1650.]

[Illustration: A LARGE GERMAN STONEWARE JUG UNEARTHED AT JAMESTOWN. THE
DATE "1661" APPEARS ABOVE THE MEDALLION.]

[Illustration: A FEW EXAMPLES OF GERMAN SALT-GLAZED STONEWARE IN THE
JAMESTOWN COLLECTION. ALL WERE MADE DURING THE 17TH CENTURY.]

[Illustration: RECONSTRUCTED WINEGLASSES AND WINEGLASS FRAGMENTS IN THE
JAMESTOWN COLLECTION.]

[Illustration: NOTE THE MAKERS' MARKS OR SEALS ON THE WINEGLASS
FRAGMENTS. ONLY A FEW ENGLISH WINEGLASSES BEARING 17TH-CENTURY MAKERS'
SEALS HAVE BEEN FOUND IN AMERICA.]

METALWARE EATING AND DRINKING VESSELS

While large numbers of eating and drinking vessels made of pottery have
been excavated on Jamestown Island, only a few fragments of utensils
made of silver, pewter, brass, and copper were found. Metalware vessels
were relatively scarce during the early years of the settlement, and
their almost complete absence in the Jamestown collection may be
attributed to the fact that not many of them were discarded, regardless
of their worn condition. Only a few metal handles from mugs and cups,
and a small number of pewter plate fragments, have been excavated.

Although no complete specimens of domestic silver and pewter eating and
drinking vessels were found, 17th-century records and inventories
indicate that many Jamestown families owned such wares (especially after
1630), including cups, beakers, dishes, salts, salvers, tankards,
porringers, bowls, and plates.

It is of interest that 2 goldsmiths, 2 refiners, and a jeweler arrived
at Jamestown in 1608 aboard the supply ship _Phoenix_. Although John
Smith related that these artisans "never had occasion to exercise their
craft," it is possible that they made a few metal ob