pit contained such artifacts as a swepthilt rapier
(made about 1600), a cutlass, the breastplate and backpiece of a light
suit of armor, a number of utensils of metal, ceramics, and glass, to
add to the collection of early 17th-century arts and crafts. Several
smaller refuse pits were noted, and it is worth commenting that many
ditches finally became trash accumulation areas.

[Illustration: A CUTLASS IN EXCELLENT PRESERVATION AND MANY OTHER
OBJECTS FROM 17TH-CENTURY JAMESTOWN WERE FOUND IN A LARGE CLAY BORROW
PIT FILLED WITH REFUSE.]

Roads

Only one road identified by 17th-century references has been definitely
located by archeologists. This is the "Maine Cart Road," sometimes
called the "Greate Road," leading from Glasshouse Point across the
isthmus and onto the island, where it can be traced as far as its
passage into the main "James Citty" area just north of the brick church
and churchyard. A trace is all that remains of a road which once ran
east-west between parallel ditches, south of the row house.

The foregoing has been a summary of the physical aspect of the Jamestown
settlement from the standpoint of archeology. An account of the arts and
crafts revealed by the artifacts found in these explorations follows.
The whole story relating the settlers themselves to evidence they left
in the soil of Jamestown remains to be told.

PART TWO

Daily Life at Jamestown 300 Years Ago As Revealed by Recovered Objects

By J. PAUL HUDSON
Museum Curator, Colonial National Historical Park

"Hitherto they [historians] have depended too much upon manuscript
evidences... Perhaps the day is not distant when the social historian,
whether he is writing about the New England Puritans, or the
Pennsylvania Germans, or the rice planters of Southern Carolina, will
look underground, as well as in the archives, for his evidence."--DR.
T.J. WERTENBAKER

Archeological explorations at Jamestown, Va.--site of the first
successful English colony in the New World--have brought to light
thousands of colonial period artifacts which were used by the Virginia
settlers from 1607 until 1699.

A study of these ancient objects, which were buried under the soil at
Jamestown for many decades, reveal in many ways how the English
colonists lived on a small wilderness island over 300 years ago.
Artifacts unearthed include pottery and glassware, clay pipes, building
materials and handwrought hardware, tools and farm implements, weapons,