and sub-median
veins; (cubitus and 1st anal, Comst.).

Smaltinus: a dull grayish blue.

Smaragdinus: emerald green [pale green].

Smooth: a surface without elevations or indentations.

Snout: the prolongation of the head in Rhynchophora at the end of
which the mouth parts are situated: see rostrum.

Social: living in communities: more especially those species in which
undeveloped or worker forms occur and where the colony has a single
female head.

Soldiers: in termites; forms sexually undeveloped, in which the
mandibles are pincer-like and the head is much enlarged: worker
majors in certain ants.

Solid: applied to an organ usually jointed, when these joints form into
one mass; e.g. the capitulum of certain clavate antennae.

Solitary-arius: occurring singly or in pairs; not in colonies.

Somatic: relating to the body, or abdomen.

Somatotheca: that part of pupa covering abdominal rings:=
gasterotheca.

Somite: = arthromere.

Sonifaction: the production of sound: = stridulation; q.v.

Sonoran faunal areas: see upper and lower Sonoran.

Sonorific: sound producing: applied to stridulating organs.

Sordid: dirty; dull.

Spadiceous: bay brown [dragon's blood + brown ochre].

Spado: the worker or neuter in bees and ants.

Sparse: scattered: single hairs, scales or sculptures set well apart.

Spatha: a median piece in male genitalia of aculeate Hymenoptera,
covering the bases of the sagitte.

Spatula: the breast bone (q.v.) of cecidomyid larvae.

Spatulate: rounded and broad at top, attenuate at base.

Specialization: the adaptation of an organ to a definite purpose, or of
an organism to fit a determinate environment.

Species: an aggregation of individuals alike in appearance and
structure, mating freely and producing young that themselves mate
freely and bear fertile offspring resembling each other and their
parents: a species includes all its varieties and races.

Specific character: a feature common to all individuals of a species, by
means of which they may be distinguished from all other individuals
of other species: = essential character.

Specular: mirror-like: transparent.

Specular membrane: in male Cicada, the inner or posterior mirror-like
membrane of the sound-organ: = mirror.

Speculum: a transparent area or spot on wings of some Lepidoptera;
the glassy areas at base of tegmina in male Orthoptera that serve as
sounding boards: a spot on the neck of some caterpillars.

Sperm: