organization, denominational literature and education. Nearly
every state soon had its institutions of learning, which aspired to become
universities.

Before 1844 the sessions of the Triennial Convention had occasionally been
made unpleasant by harsh anti-slavery utterances by Northern members
against their Southern brethren and somewhat acrimonious rejoinders by the
latter. The controversy between Francis Wayland and Richard Fuller
(1804-1876) on the slavery question ultimately convinced the Southern
brethren that separate organization for missionary work was advisable. The
Southern Baptist Convention, with its Home and Foreign Missionary Boards,
and (later) its Sunday-school Board, was formed in 1845. Since then
Northern and Southern Baptists, though in perfect fellowship with each
other, have found it best to carry on their home and foreign missionary
work through separate boards and to have separate annual meetings. In 1905
a General Baptist Convention for America was formed for the promotion of
fellowship, comity and denominational _esprit de corps_, but this
organization is not to interfere with the sectional organizations or to
undertake any kind of administrative work.

Since 1845 Northern and Southern Baptists alike have greatly increased in
numbers, in missionary work, in educational institutions, in literary
activity and in everything that pertains to the equipment and organization
of a great religious denomination. Since 1812 they have increased in
numbers from less than 200,000 to more than 5,000,000. In 1812 American
Baptists had no theological seminary; in 1906 they had 11 with more than
100 instructors, 1300 students, and endowments and equipments valued at
about $7,000,000. In 1812 they had only one degree-conferring college with
a small faculty, a small student body and almost no endowment; in 1906 they
had more than 100 universities and colleges with endowment and equipment
valued at about $30,000,000, and an annual income of about $3,000,000. In
1812 the value of church property was small; in 1906 it was estimated at
$100,000,000. Then a single monthly magazine, with a circulation of a few
hundreds, was all that the denomination possessed in the way of periodical
literature; in 1906 its quarterlies, monthlies and weeklies were numbered
by hundreds. The denomination has a single publishing concern (the American
Baptist Publication Society) with an annual business of nearly $1,000,000
and assets of $1