ies,
which also exercise disciplinary power over their members; but it was
widely felt by members of the bar in recent years that the benchers or
governing body with their self-elected members did not keep a sufficiently
watchful eye on the minutiae of the profession. Consequently, in 1883, a
bar committee was formed for the purpose of dealing with all matters
relating to the profession, such as the criticizing of proposed legal
reforms, and the expression of opinions on matters of professional
etiquette, conduct and practice. In 1894 the committee was dissolved, and
succeeded by the general council of the bar, elected on a somewhat wider
basis. It is composed of a due proportion of king's counsel and outer
barristers elected by voting-papers sent to all barristers having an
address in the _Law List_ within the United Kingdom. Its expenses are paid
by contributions from the four Inns of Court. Its powers are not
disciplinary, but it would draw the attention of the benchers to any gross
violation of the professional etiquette of the bar.

Each state in America has its own bar, consisting of all attorneys-at-law
residing within it who have been admitted to practice in its courts.
Generally attorneys are admitted in one court to practice in all courts.
Each of the United States courts has a bar of its own. An attorney of a
state cannot practise in a court of the United States unless he has been
admitted to it, or to one of the same class in another district or circuit.
He cannot appear in the Supreme Court of the United States unless specially
admitted and sworn as an attorney of that court, which is done on motion in
case of any one who has practised for three years in the highest courts of
his state and is in good standing at its bar. In most of the states there
is a state bar association, and in some cities and counties local bar
associations. These consist of such members of its bar as desire thus to
associate, the object being to guard and advance the standards of the
profession. Some own valuable libraries. These associations have no
official recognition, but their influence is considerable in [v.03 p.0379]
recommending and shaping legislation respecting the judicial establishment
and procedure. They also serve a useful purpose in instituting or promoting
proceedings to discipline or expel unworthy attorneys from the bar. There
is an American Bar Association, founded in 1878, composed of over 3500
members of different