are in some respects superior to the blacks.
Here we have the return of the ante-bellum proslavery philosopher
disguised as a scientific investigator.

* * * * *

_The Anti-Slavery Movement in Kentucky._ By ASA EARL MARTIN, Assistant
Professor of American History, The Pennsylvania State College. The
Standard Printing Company of Louisville, Kentucky, 1918. Pp. 165.

In this volume there is an effort to bring out something new in the
history of slavery. The author is mindful of the tendency of most
writers of the history of slavery to direct their attention to the
radical movements associated with the names of the leading
abolitionists. His effort is to treat that neglected aspect of slavery
having to do with the work of the gradual emancipationists. "These
men, unlike the followers of Garrison, who were restricted to the free
States," said he, "were found in all parts of the Union. They embraced
great numbers of leaders in politics, business and education, and
while far more numerous in the free than in the slave States, they
nevertheless included a large and respectable element in Maryland,
Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri." He has in mind here, of
course, the conservative slaveholders of the border States who had for
a number of years felt that slavery was an economic evil of which the
country should rid itself gradually by systematic efforts. Feeling
that they contributed in the end a great deal to the downfall of the
regime and in some respects exercised as much influence as the
abolitionists, he has undertaken to set their story before the world.

The author begins with the first attack upon slavery, the early
anti-slavery movement in Kentucky, the colonizationist idea, the work
of the anti-slavery societies, and the efforts of the church to
exterminate the evil. In the eighth and ninth chapters he treats more
seriously the main question at issue, namely, exactly how men of that
slave-holding commonwealth persistently endeavored to find a more
rational means of escaping the baneful effects of the institution. His
important contribution, therefore, is that abolition found little
favor in Kentucky while gradual emancipation moved the hearts of men
of both parties and even of slave-holders. How the struggle between
these pro-slavery and anti-slavery parties culminated in 1849 in the
defeat of the latter, is the concluding portion of the book. He shows
that Kentucky exceeded