the
_brahma_ and other approved forms of marriage; which are described in
the first book, sl. 58-61, _viz._ "In the marriage called _brahma_,
[the bride], adorned in a manner suitable to the means [of her
family], is bestowed upon the invited bridegroom,--In the _daiva_
[marriage, the bride is made over] to the priest whilst offering
sacrifice: _arsha_ [marriage], is where [the bride's father] receives
a pair of kine.--In the _kaya_ [marriage, the bride] is delivered to
the suitor with the injunction, Together practise the rules of duty!
In the _asura_ [marriage], wealth is received [from the bridegroom].
_Gandharva_ is [a union in marriage] by mutual consent [of the
parties]: the _rakshasa_ [marriage], is by capture [of the woman] in
war: the _paisacha_ [marriage, where she is obtained] by
deception." Manu ch. 3, sl. 20 _et. seq._]

[Footnote 193: _scil._ according to Vasishtha, such as, by
agreement between father and son-in-law, at the time of the daughter's
marriage, has been, by anticipation, given up to the father. (_M._)
And the Commentator notes, that the term used, _puttrikasata_, may be
also rendered or understood 'daughter as a son' _i. e._ a daughter
appointed or placed in the same position and with the same rights as a
son.]

[Footnote 194: _sagotra._]

[Footnote 195: it being merely known that the father is a man of the
same cast, not who he is. (_M._)]

[Footnote 196: privately, in the father's house. (_M._) Manu adds the
condition, if she marry her lover; ch. 9, sl. 172.]

[Footnote 197: Manu, ch. 9, sl. 175.]

[Footnote 198: This is permitted to a man of the same cast, in time of
distress; but only where there are several sons: the eldest cannot be
bestowed as a gift-son. (_M._) Manu, ch. 9, sl. 168.]

[Footnote 199: The Commentator explains, that this can only be on the
same conditions as the given or gift son. Manu, ch. 9, sl. 174.]

[Footnote 200: having lost his parents, or being abandoned by them.
(_M._) We have some doubt of the Commentator's meaning: here as the
alternative includes a separate head and description, _viz._ (xii) in
the succeeding sloka. The word rendered 'abandoned' literally
signifies 'liberated,' 'set free;' so the meaning may be,--one who is
left free to choose for himself.]

[Footnote 201: Manu, ch. 9, sl. 173.]

[Footnote 202: ibid. sl. 171.]

[Footnote 203: _pinda_, which literally signifies any round
substance. The cake is a compound, in form of a ball, give