ed with the uses of tools than their construction; and we impress
on boys the necessity of having a place for everything, and that every
tool should be kept in its proper place. A carpenter's shop filled with
chips, shavings and other refuse is not a desirable place for the
indiscriminate placing of tools. If correct habits are formed at the
outset, by carefully putting each tool in its place after using, it will
save many an hour of useless hunting and annoyance.

One of the most important things in laying off work, for instance, on
trusses, is the disposition of the saw and square. Our illustration
shows each truss with side cleats, which will permit the user
temporarily to deposit the saw or the square so that it will be handy,
and at the same time be out of the way of the work and prevent either of
the tools from being thrown to the floor.

In the same way, and for the same purpose, the work bench has temporary
holding cleats at the end and a shelf in front, which are particularly
desirable, because either a saw or a square is an encumbrance on a work
bench while the work is being assembled, and tools of this kind should
not be laid flat on a working surface, nor should they be stood in a
leaning position against a truss or work bench.

_Strictly observe these fundamentals_--Never place a tool with the
cutting edge toward you. Always have the racks or receptacles so made
that the handle may be seized. Don't put a tool with an exposed cutting
edge above or below another tool in such a manner that the hand or the
tool you are handling can come into contact with the edge. Never keep
the nail or screw boxes above the work bench. They should always be kept
to one side, to prevent, as much as possible, the bench from becoming a
depository for nails. Keep the top of the bench free from tools. Always
keep the planes on a narrow sub-shelf at the rear of the bench.

If order was Heaven's first law, it is a good principle to apply it in a
workman's shop, and its observance will form a habit that will soon
become a pleasure to follow.

CHAPTER II

HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS

CARE OF TOOLS.--Dull tools indicate the character of the workman. In an
experience of over forty years, I have never known a good workman to
keep poorly sharpened tools. While it is true that the capacity to
sharpen tools can be acquired only by practice, correct habits at the
start will materially assist. In doing this part of the artisa