ig. 187. Cavetto. Concave._]

[Illustration: _Fig. 188. Ovolo. Quarter round._]

THE CAVETTO.--Fig. 187 is the cavetto, or round type. Its proper use
gives a delicate outline, but it is principally applied with some other
form of molding.

THE OVOLO.--Fig. 188, called the ovolo, is a quarter round molding with
the lobe (A) projecting downwardly. It is distinguished from the
astragal because it casts less of a shadow above and below.

THE TORUS.--Fig. 189, known as the torus, is a modified form of the
ovolo, but the lobe (A) projects out horizontally instead of downwardly.

THE APOPHYGES (Pronounced apof-i-ges).--Fig. 190 is also called the
_scape_, and is a concaved type of molding, being a hollowed curvature
used on columns where its form causes a merging of the shaft with the
fillet.

[Illustration: _Fig. 189. Torus._]

[Illustration: _Fig. 190. Apophyge._]

[Illustration: _Fig. 191. Cymatium._]

[Illustration: _Fig. 192. Ogee-Recta._]

THE CYMATIUM.--Fig. 191 is the cymatium (derived from the word cyme),
meaning wave-like. This form must be in two curves, one inwardly and one
outwardly.

THE OGEE.--Fig. 192, called the ogee, is the most useful of all
moldings, for two reasons: First, it may have the concaved surface
uppermost, in which form it is called ogee recta--that is, right side
up; or it may be inverted, as in Fig. 193, with the concaved surface
below, and is then called ogee reversa. Contrast these two views and you
will note what a difference the mere inversion of the strip makes in the
appearance. Second, because the ogee has in it, in a combined form, the
outlines of nearly all the other types. The only advantage there is in
using the other types is because you may thereby build up and space your
work better than by using only one simple form.

[Illustration: _Fig. 193. Ogee-Reversa._]

[Illustration: _Fig. 194. Bead or Reedy._]

You will notice that the ogee is somewhat like the cymatium, the
difference being that the concaved part is not so pronounced as in the
ogee, and the convexed portion bulges much further than in the ogee. It
is capable of use with other moldings, and may be reversed with just as
good effect as the ogee.

THE REEDY.--Fig. 194 represents the reedy, or the bead--that is, it is
made up of reeds. It is a type of molding which should not be used with
any other pronounced type of molding.

THE CASEMENT (Fig. 195).--In this we have a form of molding used almost
exclus