obedience to their victor for the
saving of their lives and fortunes; and more, they ought even
to protect that authority in war by which they were
themselves protected in peace. But this plea, which he so ably
urged in favour of the royalists, will not, however,
justify those who, like Wallis, voluntarily submitted to
Cromwell, because they were always the enemies of the king;
so that this submission to Oliver is allowed only to the
royalists--a most admirable political paradox! The whole of
the argument is managed with infinite dexterity, and is thus
unexpectedly turned against his accusers themselves. The
principle of "self-preservation" is carried on through the
entire system of Hobbes.--_Considerations upon the Reputation,
Loyalty, &c., of Mr. Hobbes._

[354] The passage in Hobbes to which I allude is in "The Leviathan,"
c. 32. He there says, sarcastically, "It is with the
_mysteries of religion_ as with wholesome pills for the sick,
which, swallowed whole, have the virtue to cure; but, chewed,
are for the most part cast up again without effect." Hobbes is
often a wit: he was much pleased with this thought, for he had
it in his _De Cive_; which, in the English translation, bears
the title of "Philosophical Rudiments Concerning Government
and Society," 1651. There he calls "the wholesome pills,"
"bitter." He translated the _De Cive_ himself; a circumstance
which was not known till the recent appearance of Aubrey's
papers.

[355] Warburton has most acutely distinguished between the intention
of Hobbes and that of some of his successors. The bishop does
not consider Hobbes as an enemy to religion, not even to the
Christian; and even doubts whether he has attacked it in "The
Leviathan." At all events, he has "taken direct contrary
measures from those of Bayle, Collins, Tindal, Bolingbroke,
and all that school. They maliciously endeavoured to show the
Gospel was _unreasonable_; Hobbes, as reasonable as his
admirable wit could represent it: they contended for the most
unbounded _toleration_, Hobbes for the most rigorous
_conformity_." See the "Alliance between Church and State,"
book i. c. v. It is curious to observe the noble disciple of