y man thought only of his own safety. Even
the soldiery encamped on the adjacent fields took alarm, and, learning
the fatal tidings, were seen flying in every direction before their
pursuers, who, in the heat of triumph, showed no touch of mercy. At
length night, more pitiful than man, threw her friendly mantle over the
fugitives, and the scattered troops of Pizarro rallied once more to the
sound of the trumpet in the bloody square of Cajamarca.

CALVIN IS DRIVEN FROM PARIS

HE MAKES GENEVA THE STRONGHOLD OF PROTESTANTISM

A.D. 1533

A. M. FAIRBAIRN

JEAN M. V. AUDIN

Among what may be called the second generation of Protestant
reformers, the great leader was John Calvin. By his
writings, and by his directive and administrative work, he
exerted a strong influence upon the reformed churches in his
own day and upon the theology and polity of later times. He
was born in France in 1509, and while still in early
manhood, having become familiar with classical learning,
with law, and especially with theology, he ardently embraced
the Protestant faith and began to preach the reformed
doctrines.

Calvin spent some time in Paris, then a centre of the "New
Learning" and of religious ferment, and there he felt the
effects of raging persecution. The publication of his great
work, the _Institutes of the Christian Religion_, marked an
epoch in the history of Protestantism. Though differing on
certain points from the teachings of Luther, it was a
powerful exposition of the Protestant faith as Calvin
understood it, severely logical in form, and especially
distinguished by its stern doctrines relating to divine
sovereignty.

When in 1536 Calvin went to live in Geneva, it was already a
Protestant city. He became virtually its ruler and made it a
kind of theocracy, or rather a "religious republic," which
he administered with vigorous laws enforced with the
greatest strictness. Zealous Protestants from many countries
gathered at Geneva, and from there the influence of Calvin,
somewhat modified by that of his Swiss predecessor Zwingli,
spread rapidly into France, England, Scotland, and Germany.
At the time of Calvin's death (1564) there were three types
of Protestantism established in the world--his own, and
those of Luther and Zwingli. In Great Britain, and afterward