and a town council. The corporation is composed of 72 members, of whom
16 are nominated by the government. Of the remainder, 36 are elected by
the ratepayers, 16 by the justices of the peace, 2 by the senate of the
university, and 2 by the chamber of commerce. The council, which forms
the standing committee of the corporation, consists of 12 members, of
whom 4 are nominated by the government and the rest elected by the
corporation. The members of the corporation include Europeans, Hindus,
Mahommedans and Parsees. The Bombay University was constituted in 1857
as an examining body, on the model of the university of London. The
chief educational institutions in Bombay City are the government
Elphinstone College, two missionary colleges (Wilson and St Xavier), the
Grant medical college, the government law school, the Sir Jamsetjee
Jeejeebhoy school of art, and the Victoria Jubilee technical institute.

_Docks._--The dockyard, originally built in 1736, has a sea-face of
nearly 700 yds. and an area of about 200 acres. There are five graving
docks, three of which together make one large dock 648 ft. long, while
the other two make a single dock 582 ft. long. There are also four
building slips opposite the Apollo Bandar (landing-place) on the
south-east side of the enclosure. The dockyard is lighted by
electricity, so that work can be carried on by night as well as day.
Bombay is the only important place near the sea in India where the rise
of the tide is sufficient to permit docks on the largest scale. The
highest spring tides here reach 17 ft., but the average is 14 ft.
Prince's dock, of which the foundation-stone was laid by the prince of
Wales in 1875, was opened in 1879, and is 1460 ft. long by 1000 ft.
broad, with a water area of 30 acres; while the Victoria dock, which was
completed and opened in 1887-1888, has a water area of 25 acres. South
of the Victoria dock, the foundation-stone of the Alexandra dock, the
largest in India, was laid by the prince of Wales in 1905.

_Cotton Mills._--The milling industry is, next to the docks, the chief
feature of Bombay's commercial success. The staple manufacture is
cotton-spinning, but in addition to this there are flour mills and
workshops to supply local needs. The number of factories increased from
fifty-three in 1881 to eighty-three in 1890, and that decade saw the
influx of a great industrial population from the surrounding districts;
but the decade 1891-1901 witnessed at leas