ther:
and as to him who believeth not--verily God can afford to dispense with all
creatures." (Sura iii. 91, 92.) On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas the
following Tradition has been handed down. "The Prophet said: 'God has made
the Hajj farz.' Then Aqra' bin Habis, standing up, said: 'O Prophet is it
to be made every year?' His Excellency said: 'If I say--yes, it will be a
wajib duty to do it annually; but that ye are not able to bear, so the Hajj
is necessary only once; whatever pilgrimage may be made to Mecca in
addition is nafl.'"

The Hajj must be made by every free Muslim, who is sound in body, and of
full age, when he has sufficient means to pay his expenses, after duly
providing for the support of his household till his return. If a slave, or
a child should make the Hajj, the former on attaining freedom, and the
latter on coming of age must again go on pilgrimage. If a woman, whose
residence is at a distance of more than three days' journey from Mecca,
goes on pilgrimage, she must be accompanied by her husband or by a near
relative. Imam As Shafa'i denies the necessity of such attendance, stating
that the verse already quoted makes no such restriction. His objection is,
however, met as usual by a Tradition. "A certain man came to the Prophet
and said: 'My wife is about to make the Hajj, but I am called to go on a
warlike expedition.' The Prophet said: 'Turn away from the war and
accompany thy wife in the Hajj.'" Imam Abu Yusuf considered that a man who
possessed the means should go to Mecca, and held that if he delayed more
than a year in making the Hajj he was a sinner. Imam Muhammad, and most
others think that a person may postpone the Hajj for some years, but if
death should overtake the man before he has made {224} the pilgrimage, he
will be accounted a sinner. So practically all agree that delay is
dangerous.

Connected with the Hajj there are three actions which are farz, and five
which are wajib; all the rest are sunnat or mustahab. The farz requisites
are: (1) to wear no other garment except the Ihram,[231] two seamless
wrappers, one of which is worn round the loins, the other thrown over the
shoulder; (2) to stand in 'Arfat; (3) to make the Tawaf, that is to go
round the K'aba seven times.

The wajib duties are: (1) to stay in Muzdalifah; (2) to run between Mount
Safa and Mount Marwah; (3) to perform the Rami-ul-Jamar, or the casting of
the pebbles; (4) if the pilgrims are non-Meccans they must make an ext