o be 17.2 deg. C. Further, the crystals already referred to were
dissolved in ether, and then allowed to evaporate, when long colorless
needles were obtained, which, on being placed in a dry test tube and
the tube placed in a water bath kept at 42 deg. C., were found to melt;
and on making a careful combustion analysis of these crystals, the
following composition was obtained:

Carbon 76.6
Hydrogen 6.4
Oxygen 17.0
-----
100.0

This gives C_{6}H_{6}O, which is the formula for phenol.

On dissolving some of these crystals in water (excess) and adding
ferric chloride, a beautiful violet color was imparted to the
solution. To another aqueous solution of the crystals was added
bromine water, and a white precipitate was obtained, consisting of
tribromophenol. An aqueous solution of the crystals immediately
coagulated albumen.

All these reactions show that the phenol occurs in the free state in
the cones of this plant. In the same manner I treated the acicular
leaves, and portions of the stem separately, both being previously cut
up into small pieces, and from both I obtained phenol.

I have ascertained the relative amount of phenol in each part of the
plant operated upon; by heating the stem with water at 80 deg. C., and
filtering, and repeating this operation until the aqueous filtrate
gave no violet color with ferric chloride and no white precipitate
with bromine water.

I found various quantities according to the age of the stem. The older
portions yielding as much as 0.1021 per cent, while the young portions
only gave 0.0654 per cent. The leaves yielding according to their age,
0.0936 and 0.0315 per cent.; and the cones also gave varying amounts,
according to their maturity, the amounts varying between 0.0774 and
0.0293.

Two methods were used in the quantitative estimation of the amount of
phenol. The first was the new volumetric method of M. Chandelon
(_Bulletin de la Societe Chemique de Paris_, July 20, 1882; and
_Deutsch-Americanishe Apotheker Zeitung_, vol. iii., No. 12, September
1, 1882), which I have found to be very satisfactory. The process
depends on the precipitation of phenol by a dilute aqueous solution of
bromine as tribromophenol. The second method was to extract, as
already staled, a known weight of each part of the plant with water,
until the last extract gives _no_ vi