d: (1) To a
horse that defends himself because he is irritable by temperament, and
nervous and impressionable (as happens with animals of pure or nearly
pure blood), the shock must be administered feebly and gradually
before an endeavor is made to take hold of his leg. The horse will
then make a jump, and try to roll over. The jump must be followed,
while an assistant holds the bridle, and the action of the current
must be at once arrested. After this the horse will not endeavor to
defend himself, and his leg may be easily handled.

(2) Certain large, heavy, naturally ugly horses kick through sheer
viciousness. In this case, while the current is being given it should
be gradually increased in intensity, and the horse's foot must be
seized during its action. In most cases the passage of a current
through such horses (whose mucous membrane is less sensitive) produces
only a slightly stupefied and contracted position of the head,
accompanied with a slight tremor. The current must be shut off as soon
as the horse's foot is well in one's hand, and be at once renewed if
he endeavors to defend himself again, as is rarely the case. It is a
mare of this nature that is represented in the annexed figures.

We know that this same system has been applied for bringing to an
abrupt standstill runaway horses, harnessed to vehicles; but knowing
the effect of a sudden stoppage under such circumstances, we believe
that the remedy would prove worse than the disease, since the coachman
and vehicle, in obedience to the laws of inertia, would continue their
motion and pass over the animals, much to their detriment.--_Science
et Nature._

* * * * *

ESTEVE'S AUTOMATIC PILE.

Mr. Esteve has recently devised a generator of electricity which he
claims to be energetic, constant, and always ready to operate. The
apparatus is designed for the production of light and for actuating
electric motors, large induction bobbins, etc.

We give a description of it herewith from data communicated by its
inventor.

The accompanying cut represents a battery of 6 elements, with a
reservoir, R, for the liquid, provided at its lower part with a cock
for allowing the liquid to enter the pile. The vessels of the
different elements are of rectangular form. At the upper part, and in
the wider surfaces of each, there are two tubes. The first tube of the
first vessel receives the extremity of a safety-tube, A, whose other