sing, tourism, chemicals, petroleum,
construction, cement, metals

Agriculture: cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruit, vegetables;
cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats; annual fish catch about 140,000
metric tons

Illicit drugs: a transit point for Southwest Asian and Southeast Asian
heroin and opium moving to Europe and the US; popular transit stop for
Nigerian couriers; large domestic consumption of hashish from Lebanon
and Syria

Economic aid:
recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $15.7 billion;
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-88), $10.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $2.9 billion;
Communist countries (1970-89), $2.4 billion

Currency: 1 Egyptian pound (#E) = 100 piasters

Exchange rates: Egyptian pounds (#E) per US$1 - 3.4 (November 1994),
3.369 (November 1993), 3.345 (November 1992), 2.7072 (1990); market
rate: 3.3920 (January 1995), 3.3920 (1994), 3.3704 (1993), 3.3300
(1992), 2.0000 (1991), 1.1000 (1990)

Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

@Egypt:Transportation

Railroads:
total: 4,895 km (42 km electrified; 951 km double track)
standard gauge: 4,548 km 1,435-m gauge (42 km electrified; 951 km
double track)
narrow gauge: 347 km 0.750-m gauge

Highways:
total: 47,387 km
paved: 34,593 km
unpaved: 12,794 km

Inland waterways: 3,500 km (including the Nile, Lake Nasser,
Alexandria-Cairo Waterway, and numerous smaller canals in the delta);
Suez Canal, 193.5 km long (including approaches), used by oceangoing
vessels drawing up to 16.1 meters of water

Pipelines: crude oil 1,171 km; petroleum products 596 km; natural gas
460 km

Ports: Alexandria, Al Ghurdaqah, Aswan, Asyut, Bur Safajah, Damietta,
Marsa Matruh, Port Said, Suez

Merchant marine:
total: 168 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,187,442 GRT/1,821,327
DWT
ships by type: bulk 19, cargo 83, container 2, oil tanker 15,
passenger 30, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 14,
short-sea passenger 4

Airports:
total: 91
with paved runways over 3,047 m: 11
with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 35
with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 17
with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 3
with paved runways under 914 m: 14
with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 2
with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 7

@Egypt:Communications

Telephone system: 600,000 telephones; 11 telephones/1,000 persons;
lar