342 convent, 54 monastery, 125 workhouse, and 71 model
schools.

[61] See "Prospectus of the Municipal Technical Institute, Belfast,"
1910-11, pp. 55 and 57-58. Reading, Grammar, and Simple Arithmetic are
taught.

[62] See Report of the Congested Districts Board, 1909-11.

[63] See Report of Royal Commission on Congestion in Ireland (Cd. 4097);
especially a Memorandum by Sir Horace Plunkett, published as a separate
pamphlet by the Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction.

[64] See Chapter XIV.

[65] Annual Report (1910) of the "Irish Association for the Prevention
of Intemperance." The estimate is that of Dr. Dawson Burns. By the
Licensing (Ireland) Act of 1902, the issue of any new licenses was
prohibited.

[66] I write before the scheme has been fully discussed in Parliament.

[67] It is scarcely necessary for me to remind the reader that the word
"Ulster," as used in current political dialectics, is misleading. Part
of Ulster is overwhelmingly Catholic; in part the population is divided
between the two creeds, and in two counties it is overwhelmingly
Protestant. In the whole province the Protestants are in a majority of
150,000, but since a number of Protestants vote Nationalist, the
representation of the province is almost equal, the Unionists holding
seventeen seats out of thirty-three.

[68] "Ireland in the Eighteenth Century," "Leaders of Public Opinion in
Ireland," "Clerical Influences."

[69] See "Democracy and Liberty."

[70] Many Unionists are to be found in the same breath prophesying
Catholic tyranny under Home Rule and averring without any evidence that
clerical influence caused the repudiation in 1907 of the Council Bill,
because it placed education under a semi-popular body.

[71] "Religious Intolerance under Home Rule: Some Opinions of Leading
Irish Protestants," pamphlet (1911) compiled by J. McVeagh, M.P.

[72] The Census of 1911 shows that the population of Ireland is still
falling. The province of Leinster, mainly Catholic, alone shows a small
increase, derived from the counties of Dublin (including Dublin City)
and Kildare. In Ulster, Down and Antrim, which include the city of
Belfast, alone show an increase, but not so great as that of County
Dublin.

CHAPTER X

THE FRAMEWORK OF HOME RULE

I.

THE ELEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM.

It was not only to support the principle of Home Rule for Ireland that I
followed in some detail the growth of the Liberal principl