3. Photo courtesy of
NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 42.--Hand-forged fleam with hand-carved wooden case,
17th and 18th century, Swiss or Tyrolean. (NMHT 233570 [M-9666]; SI photo
59139-E.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 43.--Fleam made by E. Dalman, London. Note unusual
curved shape to blade. (From the original in the Wellcome Museum by
courtesy of the Trustees, photo L. 1346.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 44.--Silver spring lancet in case. Case is lined
with white silk and rose plush and has a gold leaf border. (NMHT
321687.02; SI photo 76-7752.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 45.--Unusual spring lancet with extra blade,
engraved "M.A. Prizzi," 18th century. (NMHT 320033.06; SI photo
76-7763.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 46.--Unusual spring lancet in hand-carved wooden
case, 18th century. Note the large blade and blade guard regulated by a
screw. (NMHT 321.697.12; SI photo 76-9114.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 47.--George Tiemann & Co.'s spring lancet, late 19th
century. (NMHT 163863 [M-5141]; SI photo 73-5644.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 48.--Patent model spring lancet, patented by J.W.W.
Gordon in 1857. Back view. (NMHT 89797 [M-4298]; SI photo 73-10319.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 49.--Patent model spring lancet, patented by J.W.W.
Gordon in 1857. Front view. (NMHT 89797 [M-4298]; SI photo 73-10318.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 50.--Wet cupping for a headache. (From Frederik
Dekkers, _Exercitationes Practicae Circa Medendi Methodum_, Leyden, 1694.
Photo courtesy of NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 51.--Dry cupping for sciatica. (From Frederik
Dekkers, _Exercitationes Practicae Circa Medendi Methodum_, Leyden, 1694.
Photo courtesy of NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 52.--Horn cups used in Egypt in the 16th century.
(From Prosper Alphinus, _Medicina Aegyptorum_, Leyden, 1719. Photo
courtesy of NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 53.--Horn cup used in the Niger Republic of West
Africa in the 1960s. (NMHT 270023 [M-11998]; SI photo 73-5643.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 54.--Replica of a Greek votive tablet found in the
remains of the Temple of Aesculapius. Pictured are two metal cups and a
set of scalpels. (NMHT 233055 [M-9617]; SI photo 73-4217.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 55.--Egyptian spouted cupping cups, 16th century.
(From Prosper Alpinus, _Medicina Aegyptorum_, Leyden, 1719. Photo courtesy
of NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 56.--Cupping instruments illustrated by Dionis,
1708: A, cups made of horn; B, lamp for exhausting air; C, fleam for
making scari