rk, 1889. SI photo
76-13539.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 97.--Sarlandiere's bdellometer. Fig. 13 and Fig. 14
are a teapot lamp and a glass for measuring the blood taken in cupping.
All the other figures illustrate variations on the bdellometer. Fig. 19
and Fig. 20 are attachments for bleeding the internal membranes. (From
Sarlandiere, "Ventouse," _Dictionnaire des sciences medicales_, volume 57,
1821. Photo courtesy of NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 98.--An artificial leech. Note the three blades on
the scarificator that simulate the triangular puncture of the leech.
(NMHT; SI photo 76-9120.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 99.--An 18th-century cutler's illustration of
veterinary instruments. Shown are a spring lancet and a fleam. Knives and
hooks were often added to the bloodletting blades in foldout fleams. (From
Jean Jacques Perret, _L'Art du Coutelier_, Paris, 1772. Photo courtesy of
the NLM.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 100.--Fleam with brass shield, 18th-19th century.
(NMHT 121573 [M-3462]; SI photo 73-4206.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 101.--Fleam with horn shield, 19th century. (NMHT
321697.05; SI photo 76-7758.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 102.--Phlebotomy knife by Rodgers & Co., London.
(Loan no. 316478; SI photo 76-9108.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 103.--Unusual shaped brass spring lancet set by a
sliding catch and released by a release lever. (NMHT 321697.11; SI photo
76-7754.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 104.--Brass spring lancet that is set by pulling on
the string and released by pushing upon the button. (NMHT 321697.07; SI
photo 76-7750.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 105.--Spring lancet. (NMHT 112827; SI photo
73-4235.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 106.--Scarificator, 12 blades. (NMHT 99749 [M-2336];
SI photo 76-7744.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 107.--Temple scarificator with case. (NMHT 233056
[M-9639]; SI photo 76-7745.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 108.--Persian cupping glass, 12th century. (NMHT
207389 [M-6836]; SI photo 73-4205.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 109.--Cupping cups, glass. (NMHT 308730.09; SI photo
74-4087.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 110.--Persian cupping cup and razor. (NMHT
320033.07; SI photo 76-7749.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 111.--Brass cup (1) and pewter cups (2). (NMHT
321697.22 and NMHT 207399 [M-6829 and M-6830]; SI photo 76-9109.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 112.--Cupping set. (NMHT 321697.21; SI photo
76-7747.)]

[Illustration: FIGURE 113.--Breast pump. (NMHT 220170 [M-7435]; SI photo
76-7761.)]

[Illustration