foreshortened windows
with three-paned upper and lower sashes. Such foreshortened windows as
all the above were usually employed with six-and nine-paned sashes on
the stories below. Where eight-and twelve-paned sashes were used for the
principal windows of the house, the foreshortened windows of the third
story usually had eight-paned upper and lower sashes, as on the Morris
house, the Wistar house at Fourth and Locust streets, Whitby Hall and
Chalkley Hall in Frankford.

Most Philadelphia houses, whether gable or hip-roofed, have dormers to
light the attic. Two or three on a side were the rule, although a few
small houses have only one. For the most part they were pedimental or
gable-roofed. Segmental topped dormers were rare, although a row of them
is to be seen in Camac Street, "the street of little clubs", and
occasional individual instances are to be found elsewhere. Lean-to or
shed-roof dormers never found favor, the only notable instances about
Philadelphia being at Glen Fern, Cedar Grove in Harrowgate, Northern
Liberties, and Greame Park in Horsham, Montgomery County.

An accompanying illustration of a dormer on the Witherill house, Number
130 North Front Street, shows the simplest type of gable-roof dormer
with square-headed window and six-paned upper and lower sashes. Similar
dormers, differing chiefly in the detail of the moldings employed, are
features of the Morris house; Wistar house, Fourth and Locust streets;
Wynnestay, Wynnefield, West Philadelphia; Wyck; the Johnson house;
Carlton, Germantown; and Chalkley Hall, Frankford. Grumblethorpe and
Bartram House have dormers of this sort with a segmental topped upper
window sash. Solitude has this sort of dormer with three-paned upper and
six-paned lower sashes, while Stenton and the Evans house, Number 322 De
Lancy Street, have eight-paned upper and lower sashes.

Houses usually of somewhat later date and notable for greater refinement
of detail had gable-roof dormers with round-headed Palladian windows
extending up into the pediment. As in the accompanying illustration
showing a dormer on the house at Number 6105 Germantown Avenue,
Germantown, the casings usually take the form of fluted pilasters,
supporting the pediment with its nicely molded cornice, often, as in
this instance, with a prominent denticulated molding. Narrower
supplementary pilasters supported a molded and keyed arch, forming the
frame within which the window is set. The lower sash is six-