ster of Louis XIV., and according to the
plans of Vauban; toward the end of the 17th century its development was
aided by the opening of the Canal du Midi.

CETTIGNE (Servian, _Tsetinye_; also written _Cettinje_, _Tzetinje_, and
_Tsettinye_), the capital of Montenegro; in a narrow plain deeply sunk
in the heart of the limestone mountains, at a height of 2093 ft. above
the sea. Pop. (1900) about 3200. The surrounding country is bare and
stony, with carefully cultivated patches of rich red soil among the
crevices of the rock. In winter it is often so deeply covered with snow
as to be well-nigh inaccessible, while in spring and autumn it is
frequently flooded by the waters of a small brook which becomes a
torrent after rain or a thaw. Cettigne itself is little more than a
walled village, consisting of a cluster of whitewashed cottages and some
unadorned public buildings. These include a church; a fortified
monastery which was founded in 1478, but so often burned and rebuilt as
to seem quite modern, and which is visited by pilgrims to the tomb of
Peter I. (1782-1830); residences for the archimandrite and the _vladika_
or metropolitan of Cettigne; a palace built in 1863, which accommodates
the ministries; the court of appeal, and a school modelled on the
gymnasia of Germany and Austria; the newer palaces of the prince and his
heir; foreign legations; barracks; a seminary for priests and teachers,
established by the tsar Alexander II. (1855-1881), with a very
successful girls' school founded and endowed by the tsaritsa Marie; a
library and reading-room; a theatre, a museum and a hospital. In an open
space near the old palace stood the celebrated plane tree, beneath which
Prince Nicholas gave audience to his subjects, and administered justice
until the closing years of the 19th century. A zigzag highway, regarded
as a triumph of engineering, winds through the mountain passes between
Cettigne and the Austrian seaport of Cattaro; and other good roads give
access to the richest parts of the interior. There is, however, little
trade, though mineral waters are manufactured.

Cettigne owes its origin to Ivan the Black, who was forced, towards the
end of the 15th century, to withdraw from Zhabliak, his former capital.
It has often been taken and sacked by the Turks, but has seldom been
occupied by them for long.

CETUS ("The Whale"), in astronomy, a constellation of the southern
hemisphere, mentioned by Eudoxus (4th cen