rleans,
from which point they were to be transported by the Louisville and
Nashville to Birmingham, Alabama. On October 4, another group boarded
the train; on October 10, another; on October 22, still another; and
on November 3, the last of the encampment left Eagle Pass. The last
party reached New Orleans on the following day and perhaps arrived at
Birmingham on the 5th.[19]

Thus ended the colonization scheme of Ellis and the Mexican land
company. It had cost the United States Government more than twenty
thousand dollars. It had cost the Tlahualilo Company about seven
thousand. But the Negroes themselves had borne the greatest losses.
Seventy or more of their number had found graves on the hacienda near
Mapimi, 10 had died at Torreon, 8 while _en route_ from that station
to Eagle Pass, and 60 in the encampment there, making a total of about
148. Besides these, there were 250 not accounted for and half as many
more scattered and possibly separated for years from their friends and
relatives. Only 334 left Eagle Pass by train for their homes in
Alabama, while the Louisville and Nashville records show that only 326
were taken aboard at New Orleans. What fate overtook the small number
who chose to remain with their crops has not been ascertained.[20]

J. FRED RIPPY

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

FOOTNOTES:

[1] For a brief discussion of these disorders see the present writer's
"Border Troubles Along the Rio Grande, 1848-1860," in _The
Southwestern Historical Quarterly_, XXIII, October, 1919, pp. 91-111.

[2] _Sen. Jour._, 38 Cong., 1 Sess., p. 66, _passim_.

[3] _Cong. Globe_, 38 Cong., 1 Sess., p. 673.

[4] _Sen. Report_ No. 8, 38 Cong., 1 Sess., p. 2.

[5] This seems to have been only one of some three or four such
undertakings attempted at the time. See _House Doc._ No. 169, 54
Cong., 1 Sess., pp. 44-45.

[6] Elsewhere written W. H. Ellis.

[7] Ellis's contract promised more than this in case of larger
families.

[8] For the contract between Ellis and the company see _House Doc._
No. 169, 54 Cong., 1 Sess., pp. 46-48; for that between Ellis and the
colonists see _ibid._, pp. 4-5. There are only a few minor differences
in the two.

[9] _Ibid._, p. 59.

[10] Dwyer's Report, and enclosures, _ibid._, pp. 42 ff.

[11] _Ibid._, pp. 23, 36, 42.

[12] Burke to Uhl, May 28, 1895, and enclosure, _ibid._, pp. 2-3.

[13] Olney to Butler, June 17, 1895, _ibid._, p. 5.