ig. 13). It is used in cases where it is
essential that the end should not be in a position to jam, but always
ready for slipping at a moment's notice, as in securing cable ends, etc.

[Illustration: Fig. 13.]

(6). +A Buntline Hitch+ (an alternative method of securing buntlines
to a sail) is commenced as in making an outside clinch, but instead of
putting on a seizing, take a longer end _c_, pass it over _y_, bring up
through bight _b_, and tuck the end again over part _y_ and through the
last loop formed, so that the end _c_ lies close to the commencement of
part _z_ (Fig. 14).

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[Illustration: Fig. 14.]

(7). +A Bowline+.--Reverting to our original loop (Fig. 8), first
taking part _z_ in the right hand with _y_ in the left, throw a loop
over _c_, the end, as in Fig. 15.

[Illustration: Fig. 15.]

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Secondly, lead _c_ round behind part _a_ and pass it down through the
last made loop, as indicated by the dotted line, and haul taut as in
Fig. 16.

[Illustration: Fig. 16.]

(8). +A Running Bowline+.--Form a loop with a long end _c_ lying
underneath the standing part _a_ (Fig. 17).

[Illustration: Fig. 17.]

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Now bring end _c_ over part _y_ and with it form the bowline knot on
part _z_ just as in the previous case we formed it on its own part,
when it will appear as in Fig. 18. It is used whenever a running noose
is required.

[Illustration: Fig. 18.]

(9). The formation of a half hitch (Fig. 19), and two half hitches
(Fig. 20) is sufficiently indicated by those diagrams.

[Illustration: Fig. 19.]

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[Illustration: Fig. 20.]

The commonest method of making a rope's end fast to a bollard, etc., is
by taking a round turn and two half hitches, and stopping the end back
for further security (Fig. 21).

[Illustration: Fig. 21.]

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(10). +A Clove Hitch+ is really a jamming form of two half hitches,
and is principally used when a small rope has to be secured to a larger
one and the end still kept free to pass along for further purposes, as
in securing ratlines to the shrouds. Its formation is shown in three
successive stages (Figs. 22, 23, 24).

[Illustration: Fig. 22. Fig. 23. Fig. 24.]

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(11). +A Rolling Hitch+ is commenced and finished like a clove hitch,
but as will be seen from the three diagrams (Figs. 25, 26, 27)
illustrating its construction, there is an intermediate round turn
between the first and last hitches. It is principally used for
secur