founder,
recognized that in deference to public opinion it would be
necessary to recede from their social principles, and accordingly
the community was transformed into a commercial corporation in
1881.

Among the manufactures of Oneida are furniture, silver-plated ware,
engines and machinery, pulley, steel vaults and hosiery. About 6 M. to
the northwest is Oneida Lake, a small lake of considerable beauty, 18 M.
long and 5 M. wide.

SYRACUSE TO BUFFALO

290 M. SYRACUSE, Pop. 171,717. (Train 51 passes 2:31p; No. 3, 3:45p; No.
41, 8:10p; No. 25, 8:50p; No. 19, 12:25p. Eastbound: No. 6 passes 2:40a;
No. 26, 3:28a; No. 16, 8:30a; No. 22, 10:35a.)

The Syracuse region first became known to Europeans through its salt
deposits along the shore of Onondaga Lake which had been discovered and
used by the Indians.

Syracuse lies within the ancient tribal headquarters of the
Onondaga Indians, one of the six tribes forming the League of the
Iroquois. Their territory extended northward to Lake Ontario and
southward to the Susquehanna River. They were the official
guardians of the council fire of the Iroquois, and their chief
town, near the site of the present Onondaga (a few miles south of
Syracuse) consisted of some 140 houses. This was in the middle of
the 17th century, when the tribe was estimated as numbering
between 1,500 and 1,700. Later the tribe divided, some of them
migrating to the Catholic Iroquois settlements in Canada. About
500 Onondagas still live on a reservation south of Syracuse.

Although situated in a favorable trading location at the foot of the
valley of Onondaga Creek where the latter joins Onondaga Lake, no
settlement was made here until several years after the close of the War
of Independence. The first white settler was Ephraim Webster, who built
a trading post near the mouth of the creek in 1786. The village grew
slowly. Between 1800 and 1805 a dozen families settled here, and the
place received the name of Bogardus's Corners from the name of the
proprietor of a local inn. In order to obtain money for the construction
of a public road, the state government, which had assumed control of the
salt fields, sold in 1809 some 250 acres embracing the district now
occupied by Syracuse's business centre to Abraham Walton of Albany for
$6,550--about $26.50 an acre. The town went under various names--Milan,
South Sal