904), New South Wales (1892 and 1900), New Zealand (1906),
Mauritius (1906), Victoria (1905,1906). In South Australia a State
Children's Department has been created to care for and manage the
property and persons of destitute and neglected children, and the
officials of the council may act in cases of cruelty to children; the
legislation of Victoria and Queensland is based on that of South
Australia. See also CHILDREN'S COURTS, EDUCATION and LABOUR LEGISLATION.
(W. F. C.; T. A. I.)

FOOTNOTE:

[1] There has been some doubt as to whether it is more correct to
say a person "_overlays_" or "_overlies_" a child, and the question
came up in committee on the bill. According to Sir J.A.H. Murray
(see Letter in _The Times_, 12th of May 1908) "to lie," an
intransitive verb, becomes transitive when combined with a
preposition, e.g. a nurse lies over a child or overlies a child; "to
lay" is the causal derivative of "to lie," and is followed by two
objects, e.g. to lay the table with a cloth, or to lay a cloth on
the table; similarly, to overlay a surface with varnish, or to
overlay a child with a blanket, or with the nurse's or mother's
body. The instrument can be left unexpressed, and a person can be
said to overlay a child, i.e. with her own body, a pillow, &c. Thus,
while "overlie" covers the case where the woman herself lies over
the child, "overlay" is the more general word.

CHILDRENITE, a rare mineral species; a hydrous basic aluminium iron
phosphate, orthorhombic in crystallization. The ferrous oxide is in part
replaced by manganous oxide and lime, and in the closely allied and
isomorphous species eosphorite manganese predominates over iron. The
general formula for the two species is Al(Fe, Mn)(OH)2PO2 + H2O.
Childrenite is found only as small brilliant crystals of a
yellowish-brown colour, somewhat resembling chalybite in general
appearance. They are usually pyramidal in habit, often having the form
of double six-sided pyramids with the triangular faces deeply striated
parallel to their shorter edges. Hardness 4.5-5; specific gravity
3.18-3.24. The mineral, named after the zoologist and mineralogist J.G.
Children (1777-1852), secretary of the Royal Society, was detected in
1823 on specimens obtained some years previously during the cutting of a
canal near Tavistock in Devonshire. It has also been found in a few
copper mines in Cornwall and Devonshire.