ive, the hands not being washed until their condition
interferes with the enjoyment of food or with one's treatment by
others. There is a point of neglect beyond which instinct will not
permit even a tramp to go. If cleanliness is next to godliness, the
average child is most ungodly by nature, for it loathes the means of
cleanliness and otherwise observes instinct's health warnings only
after experience has punished or after other motives from the outside
have prompted action. The chief form of legislation of the instinct age
is provision of penalties for those who poison food, water, or
fellow-man. There are districts in America where hygiene is supposed to
be taught to children that are conscious of no other sanitary
legislation but that which punishes the poisoner.

_Display_ has always been an active health crusader. Professor Patten
says the best thing that could happen to the slums of every city would
be for every girl and woman to be given white slippers, white
stockings, a white dress, and white hat. Why? Because they would at
once notice and resent the dirt on the street, in their hallways, and
in their own homes. People that have nothing to "spoil" really do not
see dirt, for it interferes in no way with their comfort so far as they
can see. Their windows are crusted with dust, their babies' milk
bottles are yellow with germs. Who cares? Similar conditions exist
among well-to-do women who live on isolated farms with no one to notice
their personal appearance except others of the family who prefer rest
to cleanliness. But let the tenement mother or the isolated farmer's
wife entertain the minister or the school-teacher, the candidate for
sheriff or the ward boss, let her go to Coney Island or to the county
fair, and at once an outside standard is set up that requires greater
regard for personal appearance and leads to "cleaning up."

Elbow sleeves and light summer waists have led many a girl to daily
bathing of at least those parts of the body that other people see.
Entertainments and sociables, Saturday choir practice and church have
led many a young man to bathe for others' sake when quite satisfied to
forego the ordeal so far as his own comfort and health were concerned.
Streets on which the well-to-do live are kept clean. Why? Not because
Madam Well-to-do cares so much for health, but because she associates
cleanliness with social prestige. It is necessary for the display of
her carriages and dresses, just