covery of recent immigrant parents earning enough,
but, because unacquainted with American ways and with their new home,
unable to give their children proper care.

[Illustration: LOOKING FOR ENLARGED TONSILS AND BAD TEETH
Note the mouth breather waiting]

The most extensive inquiry yet made in the United States as to the
physical condition of school children is that conducted by the board of
health in New York City since 1905. From March, 1905, to January 1,
1908, 275,641 children have been examined, and 198,139 or 71.9 per cent
have been found to have defects, as shown in Table VI.

TABLE VI

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF SCHOOL CHILDREN--PERFORMED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF
HEALTH IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, 1905-1907

=============================================+==========+===========
| Total | Percentage
---------------------------------------------+----------+-----------
Number of children examined | 275,641 | 100
Number of children needing treatment | 198,139 | 71.9
_Defects found:_ | |
Malnutrition | 16,021 | 5.8
Diseased anterior or posterior cervical | |
glands | 125,555 | 45.5
Chorea | 3,776 | 1.3
Cardiac disease | 3,385 | 1.2
Pulmonary disease | 2,841 | 1.0
Skin disease | 4,557 | 1.6
Deformity of spine, chest, or extremities | 4,892 | 1.7
Defective vision | 58,494 | 21.2
Defective hearing | 3,540 | 1.2
Obstructed nasal breathing | 43,613 | 15.8
Defective teeth | 136,146 | 49.0
Deformed palate | 3,625 | 1.3
Hypertrophied tonsils | 75,431 | 27.4
Posterior nasal growths | 46,631 | 16.9
Defective mentality | 7,090 | 2.5
=============================================+==========+=========

It is generally believed that New York children must have more defects
than children elsewhere. If this assumption is wrong, if children in
other parts of the United States are as apt to have eye defects,
enlarged tonsils, and b