following the smoking of tobacco, which are: mild
collapse, pallor of the skin, nausea, sweating, and perhaps vomiting,
diarrhea, muscular weakness, faintness, dizziness, and rise in blood
pressure followed by lowered blood pressure.

Nicotin is undoubtedly decomposed by burning, but it may become
volatilized by heat and a certain amount absorbed before decomposition
takes place.

Lehmann,[41] in 1908, found in tobacco smoke the following percentages of
the nicotin contained in the tobacco:

Cigaret smoke 82 per cent.
Cigar smoke 85 to 97 " "

The London Lancet[42] (1912) gives the following figures:

Cigaret smoke 3.75 to 84 per cent.
Pipe mixture smoke, smoked as cigarets 79 " "
Pipe smoke 77 to 92 " "
Cigar smoke 31 to 63 " "

The United States Department of Agriculture[43] found in tobacco smoke
about 30 per cent. of the nicotin originally present in the tobacco.

Contrary to general opinion, Havana cigars contain less nicotin than the
cheaper brands, which augurs ill for the large class of people who
cannot afford to smoke higher priced brands. Many of the cheaper grades
do, however, show a low percentage of nicotin.

[Sidenote: Effects on Animals and Man]

By means of an ingenious apparatus, Zhebrovski,[44] a Russian
investigator, compelled rabbits to smoke cigaret tobacco for a period of
6 to 8 hours daily. Some died within a month, and showed changes in the
nerve-ganglia of the heart. Others established a tolerance similar to
that exhibited by habitual smokers, but upon being killed at the end of
five months, degenerative changes similar to those produced by the
injection of nicotin were found, viz., hardening of the blood vessels.
There is, indeed, no difficulty in producing the characteristic effects
of nicotin by administering tobacco smoke, either in man or in
animals.[45]

Nicotin causes brief stimulation of brain and spinal cord, followed by
depression. There is an increased flow of saliva, followed by a
decrease (large doses diminish it at once) and often nausea, vomiting
and diarrhea. The heart action is at first slowed and the blood pressure
increased. Subsequently there is a depression of the circulation, with
rapid heart action and lowered blood pressure. In habitual smokers, this
preliminary stimulation may not occur. The st