ent Station[40] 2.89 " "
(Home grown--after fermentation.)
U. S. Dept. of Agriculture[40] .94 to 5. " "
(Domestic.)

Aside from nicotin it also contains small quantities of related
substances--nicotellin, nicotein, a camphoraceous substance termed
nicotianin, said to give tobacco its characteristic flavor, and likewise
a volatile oil developed during the process preparation. On heating,
pyridin (a substance often used to denature alcohol), picolin, collidin,
and other bases are formed, as well as carbolic acid, ammonia, marsh
gas, cyanogen and hydrocyanic acid, carbon monoxide (coal gas) and
furfural. Furfural is a constituent of fusel oil, which is so much
dreaded in poor whisky. The smoke of a single cigaret may contain as
much furfural as two ounces of whisky.

The complex constitution of tobacco and the smoke from its combustion
has caused much debate as to the substances that are responsible for its
charm and its ill effects, which are to be described. No one can doubt
the serious injurious effects from such a powerful poison as nicotin if
taken in any but the most minute quantities (one to three milligrams
have produced profound poisoning in man).

It has been maintained by some that nicotin is practically destroyed in
the process of smoking, and that the effects of tobacco are limited to
the decomposition products resulting from the burning tobacco,
especially pyridin. But pyridin is also formed in the burning of cabbage
leaves, and cabbage leaves do not possess any attractions for smokers,
neither do they produce the well-known effects that smoking and chewing
tobacco produce. No doubt pyridin and furfural are factors in the drug
effects of tobacco, but recent painstaking experiments by high
authorities have shown the presence of nicotin in tobacco smoke, and
when we reflect that there is sometimes sufficient nicotin in an
ordinary cigar to kill two men, it is not strange that enough of it may
be absorbed from the smoke passing over the mucous membranes of the
nose, throat and lungs to produce a distinct physiological effect.

Investigators who claim to show by experiments the absence of nicotin
from tobacco smoke must explain why the palpable effects of smoking, in
those who have not established a "tolerance," are those of nicotin
poisoning, and why the symptoms produced by chewing tobacco are
identical with those